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Wheat taxonomy - two schemes

Common name

Genome(s)

Genetic (GRIN Taxonomy for Plants)

Traditional (Dorofeev et al. 1979)

Diploid (2x), Wild, Hulled

Wild einkorn

Am

Triticum monococcum L. subsp. aegilopoides (Link) Thell

Triticum boeoticum Boiss.

 

Au

Triticum urartu Tumanian ex Gandilyan

Triticum urartu Tumanian ex Gandilyan

Diploid (2x), Domesticated, Hulled

Einkorn

Am

Triticum monococcum L. subsp. monococcum

Triticum monococcum L.

Tetraploid (4x), Wild, Hulled

Wild emmer

BAu

Triticum turgidum L. subsp. dicoccoides (Korn. ex Asch. & Graebn.) Thell

Triticum dicoccoides (Körn. ex Asch. & Graebner) Schweinf.

Tetraploid (4x), Domesticated, Hulled

Emmer

BAu

Triticum turgidum L. subsp. dicoccum (Schrank ex Schübl.) Thell

Triticum dicoccum Schrank ex Schübler

 

BAu

Triticum ispahanicum Heslot

Triticum ispahanicum Heslot

 

BAu

Triticum turgidum L. subsp. paleocolchicum Á. & D. Löve

Triticum karamyschevii Nevski

Tetraploid (4x), Domesticated, Free-threshing

Durum or macaroni wheat

BAu

Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.

Triticum durum Desf.

Rivet, cone or English wheat

BAu

Triticum turgidum L. subsp. turgidum

Triticum turgidum L.

Polish wheat

BAu

Triticum turgidum L. subsp. polonicum (L.) Thell.

Triticum polonicum L.

Khorasan wheat

BAu

Triticum turgidum L. subsp. turanicum (Jakubz.) Á. & D. Löve

Triticum turanicum Jakubz.

Persian wheat

BAu

Triticum turgidum L. subsp. carthlicum (Nevski) Á. & D. Löve

Triticum carthlicum Nevski in Kom.

Tetraploid (4x) - timopheevi group

Wild, Hulled

 

GAm

Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. subsp. armeniacum (Jakubz.) Slageren

Triticum araraticum Jakubz.

Domesticated, Hulled

 

GAm

Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. subsp. timopheevii

Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk.

Hexaploid (6x), Domesticated, Hulled

Spelt wheat

BAuD

Triticum aestivum L. subsp. spelta (L.) Thell.

Triticum spelta L.

 

BAuD

Triticum aestivum L. subsp. macha (Dekapr. & A. M. Menabde) Mackey

Triticum macha Dekapr. & Menabde

 

BAuD

Triticum vavilovii Jakubz.

Triticum vavilovii (Tumanian) Jakubz.

Hexaploid (6x), Domesticated, Free-threshing

Common or bread wheat

BAuD

Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum

Triticum aestivum L.

Club wheat

BAuD

Triticum aestivum L. subsp. compactum (Host) Mackey

Triticum compactum Host

Indian dwarf or shot wheat

BAuD

Triticum aestivum L. subsp. sphaerococcum (Percival) Mackey

Triticum sphaerococcum Percival

 

 

Note: Blank common name indicates that no common name is in use in the English language.

 

 

 

Explanatory notes on selected names

  • Triticum boeoticum Boiss. is sometimes divided into two subspecies:

     

    • T. boeoticum Boiss. subsp. thaoudar (Reut. ex Hausskn.) E. Schiem. - with two grains in each spikelet, distributed to east of fertile crescent.

    • T. boeoticum Boiss. subsp. boeoticum - one grain in each spikelet, in Balkans.

  • Triticum aethiopicum Jakubz. is a variant form of T. durum found in Ethiopia. It is not usually regarded as a separate species.

  • Triticum karamyschevii Nevsky was previously known as Triticum paleocolchicum A. M. Menabde.