Acknowledgments

Writing this book has been both an individual and a collaborative effort. My editor at Simon & Schuster, Fred Hills, demonstrated his courage by encouraging me to write this book originally. He and his colleague Burton Beals were continually supportive and extraordinarily helpful in editing and putting the manuscript into its final form. Once the reader understands how strange the material is, one can understand how open-minded and intellectually honest Hills and Beals are. They embody the true meaning of professionalism. Assistant editor Hilary Black also graciously provided editorial help.

My agent, Meredith Bernstein, provided faith and understanding in the travails that inevitably overtook me. I am very fortunate to have her as an advocate on my behalf.

John and Nancy Dodge not only transcribed most of the abductee tapes for my research but helped immeasurably by creating a database of abduction activity. Carolyn Longo and Wendy Henson helped with transcribing tapes and answering my mail. Wendy Roda not only transcribed tapes but provided critical analyses for the manuscript. Dr. K. D. Manning, Dr. Roy Steinhouse, Corkie Joyen, Katherine Beauchemin, Jerome Clark, Dr. Michael Swords, and Carol Rainey supplied valuable comments in the book's early stages.

Budd Hopkins, my friend and "partner in crime," provided his usual insight, wise counsel, and invaluable support for my efforts in this book. He has helped me maintain my equilibrium in a world of fact, fantasy, and frustration.

Since the mid-1960s, my wife, Irene, has relinquished part of her life for my research. Not only did she provide the most meticulous editing of the book, but she did it several times as the manuscript developed. This, in addition to coping with my embarrassing obsession for all these years, is duty above and beyond. Mere appreciation is not enough.

Finally, without the abductees this book could not have been written. Their bravery, perseverance, and humanity in the face of the overwhelming nature of the phenomenon fills me with admiration and awe. I hope this book does justice to their lives.
 

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Notes

Chapter 1: Recognizing the Signal

1. For a discussion of an early apocalyptic group, see Leon Festinger, Henry Riecken, and Stanley Schachter, When Prophecy Fails (New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1964). See also James R. Lewis, ed.( The Gods Have Landed: New Religions from Other Worlds (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1995).

2. David M. Jacobs, The UFO Controversy in America (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1975).

3. John Fuller, The Interrupted Journey (New York: Dial Press, 1966).

4. Ray Fowler, The Andreasson Affair (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1979).

5. Budd Hopkins, Missing Time (New York: Marek, 1981).

6. David M. Jacobs, Secret Life: Firsthand Accounts of UFO Abductions (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992).

7. Budd Hopkins, Intruders: The Incredible Visitations at Copley Woods (New York: Random House, 1987).

8. Karla Turner, "Alien Abductions in the Gingerbread House," UFO Universe, Spring 1993. See also Leah Haley, Lost Was the Key (Tuscaloosa, Ala.: Greenleaf Publications, 1993).

9. John E. Mack, Abduction: Human Encounters with Aliens (New York: Scribners, 1994).

10. Budd Hopkins, Witnessed: The True Story of the Brooklyn Bridge UFO Abductions (New York: Pocket Books, 1996). See also Thomas J. Bullard's excellent analysis of themes in published abduction accounts to 1987, UFO Abductions: The Measure of a Mystery (Mount Rainier, Md.:The Fund for UFO Research, 1987).

 

Chapter 2: "I Know This Sounds Crazy, But..."

1. Training a video camera and recorder on an abductee every night has produced limited results. Some abductees report a dramatic decrease in abductions. Most report that the frequency of abductions tends to decrease only a bit. So far, no abductions have been videotaped. Rather, tapes reveal people getting up and inexplicably turning off the VCR,

2. or unusual power outages during which the camera turns off, or the camera simply goes off mysteriously. See Jacobs, Secret Life, pp. 258-60.

3. The names of the abductees have been changed. In sexual experiences, they were assigned additional pseudonyms.

Chapter 3: Shadows of the Mind

1. For a short discussion of some of my hypnosis techniques, see David M. Jacobs and Budd Hopkins, "Suggested Techniques for Hypnosis and Therapy of Abductees," Journal of UFO Studies, New Series, vol. 4, 1992, pp. 138-51. A revised version of this article is available to qualified therapists and researchers. For an excellent survey of abduction critiques, see Stuart Appelle, "The Abduction Experienced Critical Evaluation of Theory and Evidence," Journal of UFO Studies, vol. 6, 1995/1996, pp. 29-79.

2. For an overview of memory, see Daniel L. Schacter, Searching for Memory (New York: Basic Books, 1996).

3. Lawrence Wright, Remembering Satan (New York: Vintage Books, 1995). Ingram was falsely accused by his daughters of sexually abusing them. He knew that his daughters did not lie, so he felt that he must be guilty and that he must have repressed the memories himself. With that conviction, he "remembered" his abusive actions and eventually confessed. When he remembered a sexual abuse event that had been concocted by a psychologist, he realized too late that his memories of criminal activity were false, along with those of his daughter.

4. Michael D. Yapko, Suggestions of Abuse (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994), p. 93.

5. Elizabeth Loftus and Katherine Graham, The Myth of Repressed Memory (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994), p. 66.

6. Loftus and Graham, p. 165.

7. I investigated forty-nine of these abductions within seven days of occurrence.

8. Jack Thernstrom, session 7, October 10,1990. Incident: 1968, age twelve.

9. "Julie." Incident in 1959.

10. Janet Morgan, session 12, March 16, 1989. Incident: May 19, 1988, age thirty-three.

11. Lily Martinson, session 1, December 8, 1989. Incident: 1970, age twenty.

12. 12. Raymond Fowler, The Andreasson Affair (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1979).

13. For further information about hypnosis and abductions, see Thomas E. Bullard, The Sympathetic Ear: Investigators as Variables in UFO Reports (Mount Rainier, Md.: The Fund for UFO Research, 1995), and Thomas E. Bullard, "Hypnosis and UFO Abductions: A Troubled Relationship," Journal of UFO Studies, vol. 1, 1989, pp. 1-58.

14. Dissociative fantasies take place when the rnind mistakes its own internally generated thoughts as coming from outside sources.

15. John E. Mack, Abduction: Human Encounters with Aliens (New York: Scribners, 1994), p. 171.

16. Mack, p. 173.

17. Edith Fiore, Encounters: A Psychologist Reveals Case Studies of Abductions by Extraterrestrials (New York: Doubleday, 1989), pp. 235-36.

18. Fiore, p. 333.

19. Fiore, p. 260.

20. Mack, p. 382.

21. Mack, p. 23.

22. Mack, p. 31.

23. Fiore, pp. 333-34.

24. Yapko, pp. 42-61.

25. John Fuller, The Interrupted Journey (New York: The Dial Press, 1966), pp. 122-23.

26. Fuller, p. 198.

 

Chapter 4: What They Do

1. Barbara Archer, session 6, June 27, 1988. Incident: March 1988, age twenty-one.

2. Lucy Sanders, session 6, February 12,1992. Incident: 1987, age thirty.

3. Laura Mills, session 2, June 7,1991. Incident: 1981, age thirty-three.

4. Belinda Simpson, session 2, April 25, 1989. Incident: January 1989, age thirty-seven.

5. Lydia Goldman, session 9, July 6, 1992. Incident: March-April, 1992, age sixty.

6. Claudia Negron, session 7, December 8, 1995. Incident: spring 1983, age forty-one.

7. Claudia Negron, session 7, December 8, 1995: Incident: spring 1983, age forty-one.

8. Kathleen Morrison, session 15, May 4, 1995. Incident: April 20,1985, age forty-five.

9. Joel Samuelson, session 2, June 2,1993. Incident: 1992, age thirty-five.

10. Carla Enders, session 5, July 28, 1993. Incident: May 1993, age thirty-eight.

11. Terry Matthews, session 22, November 8, 1996. Incident: 1974, age twenty-four.

12. Budd Hopkins, "Invisibility and the UFO Abduction Phenomenon" (1993 MUFON Symposium Proceedings, Seguin, Tex.: Mutual UFO Network, 1993), pp. 182-201.

13. Gloria Kane, session 1, July 15,1988. Incident: 1960, age seventeen.

14. Christine Kennedy, session 23, March 29, 1993. Incident: March 2, 1993, age thirty-one.

15. Allison Reed, session 4, August 30, 1993. Incident: August 19, 1993, age twenty-nine.

16. Courtney Walsh, session 2, May 23, 1993. Incident: summer 1992, age twenty-two.

17. Jack Thernstrom, session 4, March 9, 1990. Incident: 1969 or 1970, age thirteen or fourteen.

18. Reshma Kamal, session 5, March 18,1996. Incident: February 27,1996.

19. Allison Reed, session 13, January 11,1994. Incident: December 22,1993, age thirty. 265

 

Chapter 5: What They Are

1. Michelle Peters, session 8, June 30, 1993. Incident: June 23, 1993, age thirty-one.

2. Kathleen Morrison, session 21, October 23, 1995. Incident: summer 1971, age twenty-one.

3. Susan Steiner, session 9, January 10,1996. Incident: September 1995, age forty-three.

4. Reshma Kamal, session 2, August 8, 1995. Incident: October 1993, age thirty-three.

5. Allison Reed, session 25, July 6,1994. Incident: October 1986, age twenty-two. Of the 700 episodes that I have investigated, seven have occurred when the person was either drunk or had taken cocaine, marijuana, or LSD. Allison's five-day case was one of these. She and her husband, Jerry, were living in a small house in Florida with their ten-monthold baby, Brian. It was a Sunday evening and the baby was asleep. They decided to have some cocaine together. She and her husband went out onto the deck where she noticed a light in the sky that was getting brighter. The next thing the two consciously remembered was watching television together the following Friday. They thought that their cocaine had been bad and they had been in a mental "fog" from Sunday to Friday. But they noticed that the baby was fine, with a clean, dry diaper. None of them was hungry or thirsty. They did not have to urinate or relieve their bowels. Everything was as it had been Sunday evening. None of the food in the house had been eaten. Under hypnosis her testimony took eight three-hour sessions of recollections from episode to episode during the abduction.

6. Diane Henderson, session 4, July 14,1994. Incident: summer 1974, age fifteen.

7. Pam Martin, session 4, October 28,1994. Incident: 1962, age eighteen.

8. Susan Steiner, session 5, October 9, 1995. Incident: September 30, 1995, age forty-three.

Chapter 6: Why They Are Secret

1. James Lipp, in United States Air Force, "Unidentified Aerial Objects: Project'Sign,'" February 1949, pp. 32-35.

2. Donald E. Keyhoe, The Ffying Saucers Are Real (New York: Gold Medal Books, 1950), p. 174.

3. Keyhoe, p. 128.

4. Quoted in Donald E. Keyhoe, Ffying Saucers From Outer Space (New York: Henry Holt, 1953), p. 217.

5. Aime Michel, The Truth About Ffying Saucers (New York: Criterion Books, 1956), p. 225.

6. Michel, p. 224.

7. Aim6 Michel, Ffying Saucers and the Straight Line Mystery (New York: Criterion Books, 1958), p. 230. See also Aim6 Michel, "The Problem of Non-Contact," Ffying Saucer Review, Special Issue, October-November 1966, pp. 67-70.

8. Michel, pp. 224-226.

9. See, for example, Trevor James, "The Case for Contact," Ffying Saucer Review, vol. 7, no. 6, November-December 1961, pp. 6-8.

10. Dr. Olavo Fontes, cited in Jim and Coral Lorenzen, Ffying Saucers Startling Evidence of Invasion from Outer Space (New York: Signet, 1966 [1962]), p. 198. See also Jim and Coral Lorenzen, Ffying Saucer Occupants (New York: Signet, 1967), p. 207.

11. Richard Hall, Ted Bloecher, and Isabel Davis, UFOs: A New Look (Washington: National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena, 1969), p. 5.

12. Jacques Vallee, The Invisible College (New York: Dutton, 1975), p. 208.

13. Vallee, pp. 2,194-202.

14. See, for example, Ann Druffel and D. Scott Rogo, The Tujunga Canyon Contacts (New York: Prentice-Hall, 1980).

15. J.Allen Hynek, "The Case Against E.T.," MUFON 1983 UFO Symposium Proceedings (Seguin.Tex.: Mutual UFO Network, 1983), pp. 118-26.

16. Frank B. Salisbury, The Utah UFO Display: A Biologist's Report (Old Greenwich, Conn.: Devin Adair, 1974), pp. 194-95.

17. John E. Mack, Abduction: Human Encounters with Aliens (New York: Knopf, 1994), p. 421.

18. This notion contradicts the astronomical community's familiar lament that Earth is only an insignificant planet, circulating around a nondescript sun, in an average galaxy.

19. Reshma Kamal, session 9, January 24,1997. Incident: November 19,1996, age thirty-six.

20. Lucy Sanders, session 6, February 12,1992. Incident: 1987, age thirty.

21. Claudia Negr6n, session 6, September 12,1995. Incident: 1949, age eight.

 

Chapter 7: Infiltration

1. "Hidden Memories: Are You an Abductee?" OMNI December 1987, p. 55. Pamela Weintraub, "True Confessions," OMNI, February 1989, pp. 18,127.

2. Don Berliner, Dr. Bruce Maccabee, and Rob Swiatek, The OMNI Abduction Questionnaires: Final Results (Washington: The Fund For UFO Research, 1989).

3. The Roper Poll results were published in Unusual Personal Experiences: An Analysis of the Data from Three Major Surveys Conducted by the Roper Organization (Las Vegas: Bigelow Holding Corporation, 1992).

Chapter 8: The Hybrid Species—Children

1. Allison Reed, session 23, June 7, 1994. Incident: October 1986, age twenty-two.

2. Reshma Kamal, session 7, October 14, 1996. Incident: October 28, 1996, age thirty-five. If the gray aliens are products of early hybridization experiments with humans, it would explain their apparently nonfunctional and perhaps vestigial nose ridges, mouth slits, and earholes.

3. Kathleen Morrison, session 14, April 17, 1995. Incident: December 29, 1994, age forty-six.

4. Allison Reed, session 14, February 2,1994. Incident: January 29,1994, age thirty.

5. Susan Steiner, session 6, October 23, 1995. Incident: 1985, age thirty-two.

6. Diane Henderson, session 4, July 14,1994. Incident: summer 1974, age fifteen.

7. Sarah Stevenson, session 4, October 17, 1974. Incident: 1987, age thirty-seven.

8. Roxanne Zeigler, session 4, July 25, 1994. Incident: June 28, 1994, age forty-nine.

9. Claudia Negr6n, session 2, April 3,1995. Incident: 1946, age five.

10. Susan Steiner, session 4, September 18,1995. Incident: October 1977, age twenty-five.

11. Kathleen Morrison, session 12, February 23, 1995. Incident: April 195% age seven.

12. Doris Reilly, session 3, January 17,1994. Incident: 1965, age ten.

13. Carla Enders, session 2, July 20,1993. Incident: 1965, age ten.

14. Susan Steiner, session 5, October 9, 1995. Incident: September 30, 1995, age forty-three.

15. Carla Enders, session 3, July 21,1993. Incident: 1966, age eleven.

 

Chapter 9: The Hybrid Species—Adolescents and Adults

1. Susan Steiner, session 3, September 1, 1995. Incident: May 1995, age forty-six.

2. Kathleen Morrison, session 19, July 26,1995. Incident: 1957, age eight.

3. Christine Kennedy, session 23, May 13, 1994. Incident: April 1994, age thirty-one.

4. Allison Reed, session 10, November 29, 1993. Incident: November 22, 1993, age twenty-nine.

5. Allison Reed, session 25, May 6, 1994. Incident: October 1986, age twenty-three.

6. Susan Steiner, session 4, September 18,1995. Incident: October 1977, age twenty-five.

7. Reshma Kamal, session 5, March 18, 1996. Incident: February 27, 1996, age thirty-five.

8. Allison Reed, session 30, January 11,1995. Incident: December 1994, age thirty-one.

9. Kathleen Morrison, session 11, February 6, 1995. Incident: January 4, 1995, age forty-five.

10. Allison Reed, session 13, January 11,1994. Incident: December 22,1994, age thirty.

11. I have changed the abductees' pseudonyms for certain sexual episodes so that they will be protected.

12. "Beverly." Incident: 1994.

13. "Paula," session July 27, 1996. Incident: June 18, 1996. The lesion was biopsied and the laboratory report read, in part, "The blood clot is partially covered by squamous lining and seems to represent a thrombus occurring in a vein or hemangioma."

14. Stan Garcia, session 2, May 31, 1989. Incident: December 31, 1987, age thirty.

15. Terry Matthews, session 4, January 9,1995. Incident: August 24,1994, age forty-six.

16. Kathleen Morrison, session 7, June 9,1994. Incident: April 1994, age forty-four.

17. Terry Matthews, session 12, October 20, 1995. Incident: September 1995, age forty-seven.

18. Susan Steiner, session 10, February 23,1996. Incident: February 17,1996, age forty-three.

19. Allison Reed, session 10, November 29, 1993. Incident: November 22,1993, age twenty-nine.

20. Allison Reed, session 14, February 2, 1994. Incident: January 29,1994, age thirty.

21. Allison Reed, session 20, April 29, 1994. Incident: October 1986, age twenty-three.

22. Reshma Kamal, session 5, March 18, 1996. Incident: February 27, 1996, age thirty-five.

23. Allison Reed, session 23, April 29, 1994. Incident: October 1986, age twenty-three.

24. Doris Reilly, session 4, February 21,1994. Incident: fall 1960, age five.

25. "Emily," session, August 3,1993. Incidents: February 1977; March 1977.

26. "Sally," session, January 10,1996. Incident: 1965.

27. "Emily," session, May 11,1993. Incident: June 1970.

28. "Donna," session, July 26,1995. Incident: 1963.

29. "Emily," session, April 2,1993. Incident: September 1977.

 

Chapter 10: Independent Hybrid Activity

1. One woman videotaped some unmarked helicopters flying around her house and eventually followed them. They landed at a nearby air base, even though the base commander had initially told her that there were none there. He later admitted the existence of helicopters at the base. That same woman also had independent hybrid activity during which the hybrids arrived in helicopters.

2. Susan Steiner, session 9, January 10,1996. Incident: June 1965, age thirteen.

3. "Donna," session, June 1995. Incident: August 1969.

4. "Donna," session, December 1995. Incident: February 12,1982.

5. "Deborah," session, February 1994. Incident: February 6,1994.

6. "Deborah," session, July 1995. Incident: July 20,1995.

7. "Laura," session, May 1994. Incident: February 1993.

8. "Beverly," session, February 1994. Incident: February 16,1994.

9. "Beverly," session, May 1994. Incident: May 3,1994.

10. "Beverly," session, July 1994. Incident: July 22,1994.

11. "Beverly," session, July 1996, Incident: June 1996.

 

Chapter 11: The Nature of Alien Intentions

1. John Salter (John Hunter Gray), "No Intelligent Life Is Alien to Me," Internet Web Site: UFO Directory and Forum, 1995, p. 1.

2. Leo Sprinkle, Lecture, Project Awareness UFO Conference, Gulf Breeze, Fla., May 1994.

3. Richard Boylan, Close Extraterrestrial Encounters: Positive Experiences with Mysterious Visitors (Tlgard, Ore.: Wildflower Press, 1994), p. 156.

4. Richard Boylan, Lecture, Project Awareness UFO Conference, Gulf Breeze, Fla., May 1994.

5. Ibid.

6. Joseph Nyman, "The Familiar Entity and Dual Reference in the Latent Encounter," MUFON Journal, March 1989, pp. 10-12. See also Joseph Nyman, "The Latent Encounter Experience—A Composite Model," MUFON UFO Journal, June 1988, pp. 10 12.

7. Joe Nyman, "Forward [sic] to 'Abductees Anonymous,'" Internet Web Site: Abductees Anonymous, 1996, p. 4. Nyman has been ambivalent about whether his abductees actually were aliens in another life, although he believes that their accounts are not confabulated. See Joseph Nyman, "Dual Reference in the UFO Encounter," in Andrea Pritchard, David E. Pritchard, John E. Mack, Pam Kasey, and Claudia Yapp, eds., Alien Discussions: Proceedings of the Abduction Study Conference Held at MIT (Cambridge, Mass.: North Cambridge Press, 1994), pp. 142^*8.

8. John Mack, "Foreword," in David M. Jacobs, Secret Life: Firsthand Accounts of UFO Abductions (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992), p. 12.

9. Mack, "Foreword," pp. 12-13.

10. Pritchard et al., eds., p. 146.

11. "Ecology Awareness—Susan," in Pritchard et al., eds., p. 152.

12. Leah Haley, Ceto's New Friends (Tuscaloosa, Ala.: Greenleaf Publications, 1994).

13. John Salter (John Hunter Gray), "An Account of the Salter UFO Encounters of March, 1988: Their Background, Development, and Ramifications," privately published, 1992, pp. 14-15.

14. Salter, "Account," p. 21.

15. Richard Boyland, Lecture, Gulf Breeze, 1994. See also Richard Boylan, Close Extraterrestrial Encounters, p. 18.

16. Richard Boyland, Lecture, Gulf Breeze, 1994.

17. Nyman, "Forward" [sic], p. 2.

18. Howard Menger, narrative for the record album The Song From Saturn, ca. 1961.

19. See David M. Jacobs, The UFO Controversy in America (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1975).

20. Interview with John Mack, in C. D. B. Bryan, Close Encounters of the Fourth Kind: Alien Abductions, UFOs, and the Conference at M. I. T. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1995), p. 271.

21. John E. Mack, Abduction: Human Encounters with Aliens (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1994), p. 390. See also John Mack, "Helping Abductees," International UFO Reporter, July/August 1992, pp. 10-15, 20.

22. Mack, Abduction, p. 19.

23. Mack, Abduction, p. 46.

24. Mack, Abduction, p. 391. Experienced researchers have found that an interactive dynamic will always exist between abductee and researcher, but it is of the utmost importance that the researcher separate his own viewpoint from the abductee's testimony. Any analysis of the testimony must take into account the analyst's and the subject's preconceptions. For Mack, this is not a major concern. The interactive dynamic is an important therapeutic tool. The intertwining of the two personalities—abductee and investigator—often creates a fictional account that Mack finds desirable and therapeutically meaningful.

25. Mack, Abduction, p. 61.

 

Chapter 12: Life as We Know It?

1. Pam Martin, session 2, September 26,1994. Incident: July 1984, age fifty.

2. Lucy Sanders, session 12, January 23, 1995. Incident: January 1995, age thirty-eight.

3. Kathleen Morrison, session 21, October 23, 1995. Incident: summer 1971, age twenty-one.

4. Patti Layne, session 3, August 5,1987. Incident: September 1979, age sixteen.

5. Terry Matthews, session 8, March 24, 1995. Incident: November 4, 1988, age forty.

6. Allison Reed, session 23, June 7, 1994. Incident: October 1986, age twenty.

7. Roxanne Zeigler, session 4, July 25, 1984. Incident: June 24, 1995, age forty-nine.

8. Claudia Negron, session 9, March 1,1996. Incident: February 26,1996, age fifty-four.

9. Kay Summers, session 7, December 13,1993. Incident: December 5,1993, age twenty-nine.

10. Susan Steiner, session 5, October 9, 1995. Incident: September 30, 1995, age forty-three.

11. Pam Martin, session 3, October 12, 1994. Incident: August 2, 1994, age fifty.

12. Kathleen Morrison, session 13, April 3, 1995. Incident: spring 1992, age forty-two.

13. Carla Enders, session 4, July 27, 1993. Incident: early 1993, age thirty-eight.

14. Kay Summers, session 1, August 3,1993. Incident: July 1993, age twenty-eight.

15. Terry Matthews, session 13, November 17,1995. Incident: August 5,1995, age forty-six.

16. Pam Martin, session 11, May 2, 1995. Incident: December 23, 1994, age fifty-one.

17. Christine Kennedy, session 8, July 8, 1992. Incident: March 1991, age thirty.

18. Charles Petrie, session 12, February 26, 1991. Incident: 1986, age thirty-four.

19. Allison Reed, session 5, September 20,1993. Incident: September 3,1993, age twenty-nine.

20. Pam Martin, session 15, September 26, 1995. Incident: 1975, age thirty-one.

21. Reshma Kamal, session 7, October 28, 1996. Incident: October 14, 1996, age thirty-six.

22. Steve Thompson, session 2, October 8,1989. Incident: 1969, age nineteen.

23. Patti Layne, session 19, January 16,1989. Incident: summer 1979, age sixteen.

24. Carla Enders, session 6, July 28,1993. Incident: October-November 1963, age eight.

25. Allison Reed, session 5, September 20,1993. Incident: September 9,1993, age twenty-nine.

26. Pam Martin, session 25, December 13, 1996. Incident: January 1970, age twenty-six.

27. Brad Hopkins, David M. Jacobs, and Ron Westrum, Unusual Personal Experiences: An Analysis of the Data from Three National Surveys Conducted by the Roper Organization (Las Vegas: Bigelow Holding Corporation, 1992), p. 24.

28. Courtney Walsh, session 5, June 17, 1993. Incident: June 12, 1993, age twenty-two.

29. Kathleen Morrison, session 20, August 9, 1995. Incident: August 1, 1995, age forty-five.

30. Claudia Negron, session 3, April 27, 1995. Incident: early summer 1994, age fifty-two.

31. Allison Reed, session 16, March 4, 1994. Incident: February 21, 1994, age thirty.

32. Reshma Kamal, session 5, March 18, 1996. Incident: February 27, 1996, age thirty-five.

33. Claudia Negron, session 3, April 7,1995. Incident: early summer 1994; age fifty-two.

34. Pam Martin, session 3, October 12, 1994. Incident: August 7, 1994; age fifty.

35. Jason Howard, session 6, April 20, 1988. Incident: 1976, age seventeen.

36. Claudia Negr6n, session 17, February 7, 1997. Incident: January 28,1997, age fifty-five.

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