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Chapter Nine
TESLA'S WEATHER APPRENTICES
Archimedes (287-212 B.C.) started a Long tradition of ambitious
engineers who want to make their mark on the world. "Give me a long
enough lever and a place to stand on and I will move the Earth,"
Archimedes said. Fortunately, he never found that big a tool. More
than twenty centuries later, his spirit lives on in the military's
engineers. They would like to at least be able to move the
upper-atmosphere jet stream, changing global weather to one
country's advantage.
Is electromagnetism that tool?
Two scientists from the Stanford
University Radioscience Laboratory, H.C. Chang and U.S. Iman, are
among the experts who offer evidence of what our technology can do
to affect the sky by making waves on earth.
They have published
papers about electron precipitation from the magnetosphere (the
outer belts of charged particles which stream toward Earth's
magnetic poles) caused by man-made very low frequency
electromagnetic waves.88
"These precipitated particles can produce
secondary ionization, emit X-rays, and cause significant
perturbation in the lower ionosphere."
In 1974 Dr. Robert Helliwell and
John Katsufrakis of Stanford
University's radio science laboratory showed that very low frequency
radio waves can vibrate the magnetosphere. In the Antarctic, with a
20km antenna and five kiloHertz transmitter, they learned that the
magnetosphere can be modulated to cause high energy particles to
cascade into Earth's atmosphere.
By turning the signal on or off,
they could stop the flow of energetic particles.
WEATHER CONTROL
Avalanches of energy dislodged by such radio waves could hit us
hard.
"The theoretical implication suggested by their work is that
global weather control can be attained by the injection of
relatively small 'signals' into the Van Allen belts (radiation belts
around Earth) - something like a super-transistor effect," said
Frederic Jueneman.
The columnist for Industrial Research
magazine speculated further,
"If Tesla's resonance effects, as
shown by the Stanford team, can control
energies by minuscule triggering signals, then by an extension of
this principle we should be able to affect the field environment of
the very stars in the sky... With godlike arrogance, we someday may
yet direct the stars in their courses."89
86 Gary Lockhart. "Ancient Ham Making".TheWeatherCompanion,p.199,Wiley&Sons Inc. NY.
87 Charles A. Yost, "Electrical Forces Applied to Basic Weather
Phenomena", paper presented at
1992 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and
Static Electricity.
88 H.C. Chang and U.S.Iman, "Quasi-Relativistic Electron
Precipitation due to Interactions with enormous
Coherent VLF Waves in the Magnetosphere" Journal of Geophysical
Research, Jan. 1, 1983.
The question is will that knowledge be used by war-oriented or
biosphere-oriented scientists?
A 1977 editorial in Saturday Review warned about weather warfare and
called it a moral issue, saying,
"If the world is in for a long spell
of crippling weather, then we are fools and monsters if we don't get
together for the purpose of mounting a response as though our life
depended on it - as indeed it does."90
A series of weather disasters began in 1960, according to a
CIA
report mentioned in the editorial, but at the time climatologists
couldn't look ahead and see that droughts, floods and abnormal
temperatures would continue beyond that decade. As if natural
disasters weren't bad enough, the CIA reported that national
governments were already able to manipulate weather for military
purposes.
The editorialist had an impertinent thought:
"It is
difficult to read the CIA report without wondering whether some of
the climatic aberrations in recent years may not have been part of
military experimental programs."
Saturday Review's 1977 editorial used strong words to describe the
desensitization of the public and decision makers - a deadening of
moral indignation that came from seeing an endless procession of
super-weapons.
That process was described as mass insanity.
"If the
collective conscience does not now respond, then all our philosophy
and religion and education,... have been abstract, irrelevant,
futile."
The collective conscience was silent, however, and by 1995 the
military has had another 18 years to work on weather warfare
methods, which it euphemistically calls weather modification. For
example, rainmaking technology was taken for a few test rides in
Vietnam. The DoD sampled lightning and hurricane-manipulation
studies in
Project Skyfire and
Project Stormfury. And they looked at
some complicated technologies that would give big effects.
Lowell
Ponte, author of
The Cooling, says the military studied both lasers
and chemicals which they figured could damage the ozone layer over
an enemy. Looking at ways to cause earthquakes, as well as to detect
them, was part of the project code named Prime Argus, decades ago.
The money for that came from the Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA, now under the acronym ARPA.)
In 1993 Air Force Chief of staff General Merrill McPeak told a
meeting of the U.S. Space Foundation that those opposing a larger
military role in space must reconsider their viewpoint. He
emphasized that the country must develop new systems so that it can
control the space environment in the future. He and other Air Force
officials wouldn't say what they had in mind, but said that new
systems are more of a political question than a technological
challenge.91
89
Frederic Jueneman, industrial Research magazine Feb.1974, quoted by Margaret Cheney, Tesla:
Man Out of Time, p.287.
90 "Weather Modification", unsigned editorial, Saturday Review 2577,p,4.
91 Neff Hudsonan Andrew Lawler, "USAF Chief Calls for Space Defense Upgrades", Space News
Apr.19-25 1993.
The next year the Air Force
revealed a bit more - its Spacecast 2020 master plan includes weather
control as a possible new weapons initiative. Defense News excerpted
the report. Under "weather control", the article said that
scientists have experimented with weather control since the 1940's,
but Spacecast 2020 noted that "using environmental modification
techniques to destroy, damage or injure another state are
prohibited". Having said that, the Air Force claimed that advances
in technology "compels a reexamination of this sensitive and
potentially risky topic."92
What could the new technology do?
For one, military forces may have
the tool for zapping a hole through a cloud in order to target their
enemy. That would be costly and risky, but "the potential benefits
for national security could be even higher".
Air Force officials said the weather control section of their report
is classified and won't be released.
40
YEARS OF ZAPPING THE SKY?
As far back as 1958, the chief White House advisor on weather
modification, Captain Howard T. Orville, said the U.S. DoD was
studying "ways to manipulate the charges of the earth and sky and so
affect the weather" by using an electronic beam to ionize or
deionize the atmosphere over a given area.93
In 1966, Professor Gordon J. F. MacDonald, associate director of the
Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at the University of
California, Los Angeles, was a member of the President's Science
Advisory Committee, and later a member of the President's Council on
Environmental Quality. He published papers on the use of
environmental control technologies for military purposes.
MacDonald
made a revealing comment:
"The key to geophysical warfare is the identification of
environmental instabilities to which the addition of a small amount
of energy would release vastly greater amounts of energy. "94
MacDonald had a number of ideas for
using the environment as a weapon system and he contributed to what
was, at the time, the dream of a futurist. When he wrote his
chapter, "How To Wreck The Environment", for the book
Unless Peace
Comes 95 he was not kidding around.
In the text he describes the use of
weather manipulation, climate modification, polar ice cap melting or
destabilization, ozone depletion techniques, earthquake engineering,
ocean wave control and brain wave manipulation utilizing the
planet's energy fields.
92 "Air Force Space Master Plan Envisions Weather Control", Defense
News, Sept 26-Oct. 2, 1994.
93 Between Two Ages: America's Role in
the Technetronic Era, by Zbigniew Brzezinski, Penguin Books, Mass.
1976.
94 Unless Peace Comes. A Scientific Forecast of New Weapons. Edited
By Nigel Calder,
Geophysical Warfare, How to Wreak the Environment by Gordon J. F.
MacDonald, pges 181-205,
1968. (provided by: International Committee for The Convention
Against Offensive Microwave
Weapons)
95 Ibid.
He also said that these types of
weapons would be developed and, when used, would be virtually
undetectable by their victims. He was not some wire haired fanatic
when he made these observations in 1966 - he had the credentials of a
world recognized scientist. What his futuristic concepts became, are
the things which projects like HAARP are made of...
U.S. Congress' subcommittee hearings on Oceans and International
Environment looked into military weather and climate modification
conducted in the early 1970's. "What emerged was an awesome picture
of far ranging research and experimentation by the DoD into ways
environmental tampering could be used as a weapon," said Lowell
Ponte.96
The revealed secrets surprised legislators. Would an inquiry into
the state of the art of electromagnetic manipulation surprise
lawmakers today? They may find out that technologies developed out
of the HAARP experiments in Alaska could deliver on Gordon
MacDonald's vision, because leading edge scientists are describing
global weather as not only air pressure and thermal systems, but
also as an electrical system.
'SMALL INPUT, BIG EFFECT'
A point to remember is that the ionosphere is an active electrical
shield protecting the planet from the constant bombardment of
high-energy particles from space. This conducting plasma, along with
Earth's magnetic field, traps the electrical plasma of space and
holds it back from going directly to the earth's surface, says
Charles Yost of Dynamic Systems, Leicester, North Carolina.
HAARP
zaps the ionosphere where it is relatively unstable.
"If the ionosphere is greatly disturbed, the atmosphere below is
subsequently disturbed. "97
It is reasonable to expect Earth's relatively thin atmosphere of
insulating gas (water vapor) to be mechanically pushed and pulled by
the surrounding electrical forces, Yost says. Electrical currents in
the ionosphere are said to be 100 times larger than those produced
lower down at any moment by all the world's thunderstorms. Yost
concludes that electrical forces should be included along with
thermodynamics, gravity waves and effects of Earth's rotation, as
causes of weather variations. According to his experiments and
analyses, ionospheric currents and changing magnetic fields in the
ionosphere must produce "global oscillating gradients" that go down
as far as the ground.
A connection between manmade electromagnetic forces and the weather
showed up in a paper Yost wrote about lightning and earth harmonics.
The apparent global interaction of electrical storms prompted Yost
to take another look at how clouds form. He found that electrostatic
forces can influence the dynamics of cumulus clouds.
On a copy of
his paper that Yost sent to Jeane Manning, he wrote "man can make
these levels of force artificially".
96 The Cooling, by Lowell Ponte. Prentice-Hall inc. NJ 1976.
97
Charles A. Yost, "Electrical Forces Applied to Basic Weather
Phenomena", Proceedings of the 1992 International Aerospace and
Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity, Atlantic
City, 1992. Document available through Nat'l Technical Information
Service, Springfield, Virginia, 22161.
In its early stages, a
currtulo nimbus cloud's transition layer is in a delicately balanced
condition of pressure, temperature and water vapor content,
according to Yost,
"such that minor change triggers condensation. A
radiation particle, a localized electric field transient or a slight
local thermal disturbance might trigger the change of state," Yost
said.
The first two factors may help explain strange extremes of weather
over industrialized/electrified/atomic-powered North America. For
one thing, the unnatural 60 hz electromagnetic fluctuations from a
dense web of powerlines have entrained the vibrations of the
ionosphere in some places. Again, Tesla's favorite phenomenon - resonance - explains how a relatively small force can have large
effects.
Dr. Robert O. Becker explains how one man-made electrical effect - power line harmonic resonance - causes fallout of charged particles
from the Van Allen (radiation) belts, and how the falling ions cause
ice crystals (which precipitate rain clouds).98
What about HAARP?
Energy blasted upward from an ionospheric heater
is not much compared to the total in the ionosphere, but HAARP
documents admit that thousand-fold greater amounts of energy can be
released in the ionosphere than injected. As with MacDonald's "key
to geophysical warfare", "nonlinear" effects (described in the
literature about the ionospheric heater) mean small input and large
output.
At a 1983 science conference in Atlanta, one of the presentations
held clues about where engineers and physicists were heading with
that small input/ large output goal.99 E.E. Richards talked about
the above mentioned Stanford University experiment in beaming VLF
radio waves to the magnetosphere. The signals followed the curves of
the magnetic field and swung back to Earth. They were detected
halfway around the world away from their origin in California. In
some cases the signals were amplified a thousand times.
What strengthens these radio signals a thousandfold?
According to
Richards' research, the signals gather energy from electrons within
the Van Allen radiation belts which surround Earth's atmosphere.
Each time one of the world's fifty or so VLF (3 to 30 KHz)
transmitters sends out its signal; streams of excited particles from
the outermost regions of the magnetosphere cascade into our
atmosphere.
"Even low frequency (LF: 30-300 KHz) radio waves leak
into the upper layers, causing this same phenomenon. The injection
of small signals into the energy belts creates something like a
super-transistor effect, altering the motion of free electrons
thousands of miles out from the earth's surface. This Tesla
Magnifying Resonance effect can control enormous energies by
minuscule triggering signals."
As did
Nikola Tesla, Richards works
with the principle of resonance.
98 Hobert O. BecKer, The Body Electric, William Morrow NY 1985.
99 E.E. Richards, "Earth Power Spectrum", Proceedings, The Second
International Symposium on Non-Conventional Energy Technology, p.
136, Cadake Publishing, PO Box 1490, Clayton, Georgia
30525.
In a recent interview100 ,
Richards explained the super-transistor effect which others also
describe as an avalanche of electrons. At certain frequencies and at
a certain energetic threshold, there is a large energy transfer
between levels in the upper atmosphere.
EFFECTS REACH THE GROUND
How far down from the magnetosphere or ionosphere through the
atmosphere can such an "avalanche" come? Surprisingly, in various
locations Richards found effects reaching the earth. The first time
he saw this recorded on scientific instruments, he was living at
8,000 feet above sea level in central-west New Mexico where the air
was clear and electromagnetically quiet.
That day there was a large
buildup of electrical energy in the atmosphere very close to the
surface of the earth, but not a thunderstorm condition. As the
non-lightning electrical condition passed through the area, Richards
and his associates monitored surprisingly large oscillations
(vibrations) on their antennae array and learned at what frequencies
the local atmosphere readily vibrates. The vibrations charged
capacitors (energy storage units) to a rather high voltage.
One quiet March day while monitoring the Russian and American ELF
transmissions, they tried running an antenna array (twisted wires) a
mile along the ground, and received unexpectedly strong and
continuous signals. Briefly, the findings and further monitoring
were a springboard for discovering correlations with harmonic
interactions between the planets. They also learned how nature
handles the influx of cosmic energy towards earth's surface through
the auroral vibrations.
The researchers saw how energies could be
stored within the magnetosphere, and "we have a mechanism,
confirming Tesla, for drawing this energy into the lower atmospheric
cavity."
'COUPLING' BETWEEN IONOSPHERE AND WEATHER
While Richards' interest in their work was to find a usable
clean-energy source for the inhabitants of Earth, physicists at
Stanford University worked on a government funded project. They
wanted to amplify waves in the magnetosphere for the goal of global
communication at lower frequencies.101
The authors of this book have a different aim - to understand the
ramifications of the high-level experiments. Could it affect our
weather? The atmospheric physicists we have spoken to are vague in
their answers.
The paper by Richards gives strong clues. Recent scientific evidence
suggests that strong electrical coupling exists between the
ionosphere and lower atmosphere, he said. Large scale horizontal
electric fields move down from the magnetosphere and ionosphere,
with little loss of amplitude, to around ten kilometers above the
earth, he said,
"The total potential voltage drop across regions
like the polar caps and the auroral ionosphere can be a significant
fraction of the average ionospheric potential with respect to the
earth..."
100 E.E.Richards,conversationwithJeaneManning,May1995,
101 "VLF: Getting Panicles Excited," Science News, Dec, 18 and 25,
1982, pg. 392.
What this means to us is
that there is a powerful electrical connection between the
ionosphere and the part of the atmosphere where our weather comes
onstage, the lower atmosphere. Furthermore, scientific theories
describe how the electrical energetic levels of the atmosphere are
connected to cloud processes. 102
E.E. Richards reported the following conclusions from his search of
the literature.
"The conducting ionosphere can affect the
instability by short circuiting the electrostatic part of the earth
electric field, thus requiring less energy to release charge from
the upper layers. These auroral arcs result in an acceleration
process called ring currents, processing along the magnetic field
lines that connect the magnetotail with the ionosphere. This is the
primary supply of energy for the auroras..."
He explains how electrostatic waves stimulate the ionosphere,
allowing the powerful radiations described above to flow in from
space. He adds that observations from satellites and from the ground
tend to confirm
Nikola Tesla's claims about his Colorado Springs
experiments.
"With his oscillator he was able to stimulate the
ionosphere through high voltage, and then allow the cascading of the
upper layer currents, thereby simulating the natural action of the
aurora and also of lightning."
Tesla was one of several inventors cited by E.E. Richards who were
on the path to using the "abundant energy source that surrounds us
each minute". Humanity lives within the cosmically stimulated bubble
of the magnetosphere, Richards said, and upon the twirling spherical
generator that is the earth. In the spirit of previous generations
of scientists called natural philosophers, he is awed by the beauty
of the system. In our experience, this appreciation of the processes
of the universe often comes to independent researchers who aim to
work in harmony with nature. In other words, resonance seems a
gentler way to transfer power than direct zapping.
The weather can be changed using electrostatics. A discovery
allowing the manipulation of weather was made by Elate Intelligent
Technologies, Incorporated, a small Russian company. They found a
way to fine tune weather patterns over a 200 mile range.
The "system
consists of dozens of aerials, each 25 feet tall, that discharge
electrical energy upward to react with ions in the air". 103
These
aerials are connected to a computer system and power supply which is
controlled by an operator to create the desired effects.
Lev Pokhmelnykh is the company founder and a respected physicist,
specializing in "electrostatics". Pokhmelnykh demonstrated the
system for the Wall Street Journal reporter with startling results.
He used the system to clear clouds in an otherwise dreary day. The
technology points out how little we know about such effects and the
way weather can be manipulated by people.
102 Ralph Markson and Michael Muir, "Solar Wind Control of the
Earth's Electrical Field", Science,
May 30, 1980, Vol. 208 No. 4447.
103 Adi Ignatius, "Rain, Rain, Go
Away, Go Soak Someone Less Willing to Pay; Moscow Firm Offers
'Weather Made to Order'; Our Man Requests Three Days", The Wall
Street Journal, October 2, 1992, pg. A1 & A11.
RIVERS IN THE AIR
There was another unexpected discovery of an atmospheric phenomenon
in 1993. It was found that the Earth's lower atmosphere contains
"rivers of water vapor rivaling the Amazon in the massiveness of
their flow". 104 Reginald E. Newell of the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology reported that these vapor rivers were the main
mechanism for moving water from the equatorial regions of the earth
to the poles. However, he did not expect to find that the water
vapor was contained in narrow bands which are 420 to 480 miles wide
and up to 4,800 miles long.
These bands are about
1.9 miles above the earth, and have flow volumes of 165 million
kilograms of water per second. The observers found that there are
five atmospheric rivers in the Northern Hemisphere and five in the
Southern Hemisphere, each with these typical flow rates.
We speculate that if HAARP were located at the right place, it could
be used to deflect these flows in a way that alter weather patterns.
This is another concern which should be considered in the operation
of HAARP - a fact not known before HAARP was planned.
BEAMING ABOUT TESLA'S ELECTRIC GUN
Weapons-oriented researchers, on the other hand, are quite
interested in other, more invasive, aspects of Tesla's knowledge
besides resonance, such as the "explosive channelization of air"
which he is said to have learned about this phenomena as he injected
successive pulses of energy along the same channel,
According to Dr. J.F.X.Daum, Ken Corum and Dr.
James Corum, Tesla experimented with
atmospheric tunneling. By the 3930's Tesla had invented a
"channelized beam composed of a coherent burst of electrically
charged material particles" moving as fast as the speed of light.
The three scientists calculated that such a particle beam would
easily pierce armored vehicles.105
COULD THEY SHORT CIRCUIT EARTH?
Earth as a spherical electrical system is a fairly well accepted
model. However, those experimenters who want to make unnatural power
connections between parts of this system might not be thinking of
possible consequences. Electrical motors and generators can be
caused to wobble when their circuits are affected. Could human
activities cause a significant change in a planet's electrical
circuit or electrical field?
A quote plucked from a lengthy paper in
the respected journal Science deals with manmade ionization from
radioactive material, but perhaps it could also be studied with HAARP-type skybusters in mind:
"For example, while changes in the earth's electric field resulting
from a solar flare modulating conductivity may have only a barely
detectable effect on meteorology, the situation may be different in
regard to electric field changes caused by manmade ionization..."106
104 Kathy Sawyer, "Climatology: Space Data Indicate Rivers in the
Sky,", The Washington Post,
Science Notebook, Jan. 25, 1993.
105 "Thoughts on Tesla's Particle Beam Technology", presentation by
Or. J.F.X. Daum, Ken Corum
and Dr. James Corum to International Tesla Society.
106 Ralph Markson and Michael Muir, "Solar Wind Control of the
Earth's Electrical Field", Science,
May 30,1980, Vol. 208 No. 4447, p. 989.
Meteorology, of course, is the study of the atmosphere and weather.
Ionization is what happens when a higher level of power is zapped
into atoms and knocks electrons off the atoms. The resulting charged
particles are the stuff of HAARP.
"One took at the weather should
tell us that we are on the wrong path," says Paul Schaefer,
electrical engineer, commenting on HAARP-type technologies.
An administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration once said,
"It is not possible to draw clear
distinctions between research and technological development on
weather modification for hostile and non-hostile purposes."
"Our planetary environment is becoming progressively more energetic,
with unusual activity, like mysterious bursts of energy that mimic
radio waves from atomic explosions, being detected in the
atmosphere..."
Paul Schaefer
engineer and researcher, Kansas City
MO.
"The Earth is becoming a disturbed planet, and man is doing the
disturbing."
AcresUSA
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