Other members

Pilgrim function

Life

Biography

Cadbury, Laurence John

1889-1982

Order of the British Empire, treasurer of the Population Investigation Committee in 1936, governor of the Bank of England 1936-1961, vice president of the Eugenics Society 1951-1952 and a long time fellow, managing director of Cadbury Bros. Ltd., including what is now Cadbury Schweppes, a $6 billion business in beverages, confections and other items. His two sons have taken over the business empire and one of them has also been governor of the Bank of England. His nephew, George Woodall Cadbury, wrote "Population changes and economics" (1941) and "The Case for Voluntary Euthanasia" (1971). There have been more Cadbury's busy in the eugenics/population control movement.

Carlton, Newcomb

1869-1953

President and chairman Western Union (During the 20s and 30s he was involved with laying the first transnational phone lines). In a Senate subcommittee hearing Carlton and others admitted that British (Naval) Intelligence was spying on the company and that this was the most common thing in the world. This practice went back to at least the first half of the 19th century. Carlton also was director International Acceptance Bank, Chase National Bank, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., American Express Co., the American Sugar Refining Co., American Telegraph and Cable Co., American International Corporation (very involved with the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917), World Cable Systems, member Newcomen Society.

Carnegie, Andrew

1835-1919

Born in Dunfermline, Scotland, in 1835. His father, William Carnegie was a master handloom weaver like his father and grandfather before him. Went to school at the age of 8. His family moved to America in 1848 to seek a better life and ended up just north of Pittsburgh. Carnegie went to work as a bobbin boy in a local textile mill owned by a fellow Scot. He made $1.20 a week. Shortly thereafter he got a better paying job in a bobbin factory of yet another expatriate Scot. His job was dipping the bobbins into an oil bath and firing the factory boiler. He also got to work in the Company office on occasion where he decided he needed to learn double-entry bookkeeping. Consequently, in addition to working 12 hour days, he went to night school across the river in Pittsburgh. He got a job at the O'Reilly Telegraph Company as a messenger boy. Carnegie delivered messages to all the important businesses in the city and soon knew a great deal about Pittsburgh's commercial affairs. In 1851 he became a full time telegraph operator. Became a protege for Thomas A. Scott in 1853, who was president of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Carnegie had come to Scott's attention because of his reputation as being the best telegraph operator in town and Scott needed a personal telegrapher and secretary. Scott established the first holding company, which was illegal at the time due to the corporate containment laws of the revolution. Scott's influence in politics was huge, thereby breaking another containment law, that of corporate involvement in politics. Scott hired members of the Ku Klux Klan as board members to his companies. He did this in order to stop the attacks by the Klan on the railroad work crews of newly emancipated slaves. To avoid bad publicity as much as possible, Scott was buying up newspapers in the North and South forcing editors to censor his critics. His railroads were also important during the Civil War, turning the tides of different battles. In 1856 Scott persuaded Carnegie to buy some stock and even loaned him the money to do so. Carnegie bought the stock primarily because he admired Scott and regarded him as a father figure. The experience of receiving dividends changed Carnegie's attitude and he became an enthusiastic investor. In 1859 Carnegie was appointed Superintendent of the Pittsburgh Division, the most important and difficult Division of the railroad. Co-founded the successful Columbia Oil Company in 1861, but grew tired of the messy oil business and got out in 1865. Went into the iron business with his partner Thomas Miller in 1861. Carnegie, Miller, and two other partners founded the Cyclops Iron Works in Pittsburgh in 1864. Carnegie quit the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1865 to start up the Keystone Bridge Company, since many bridges were destroyed during the Civil War. In 1868 Carnegie establishes the Keystone Telegraph Company with several associates from the railroad. The company receives permission from the Pennsylvania Railroad to string telegraph wire across the railroad's poles, which stretch across the entire state. This is such a valuable asset that Keystone is able to merge almost immediately with the Pacific and Atlantic Telegraph Company, allowing Keystone's investors to triple their return. Carnegie writes himself a letter in 1868 in which he outlines his plans for the future. He determines to resign from business at age 35 and live on an income of $50,000 per year, devoting the remainder of his money to philanthropic causes, and most of his time to his education. He will change his mind. In 1869 Carnegie met Junius Morgan (J. P. Morgan's father and a George Peabody business partner since 1854; Peabody is said to have been an agent of the Rothschild family) in London. Junius Morgan was one of the leading investment bankers in London and his word "was as good as gold". If Morgan endorsed a bond issue, it would be easily placed. Carnegie made substantial fees (typically 2.5%) selling bonds in Europe. He placed issues for various bridge construction projects and several railroads. In 1870 he built his own blast furnace to guarantee supplies of pig iron that he controlled. In 1872 Carnegie came back from a trip to England convinced that the future was steel. While in England in 1872-1873, on one of his frequent trips to Great Britain, he met Henry Bessemer and saw the Bessemer process of making steel. This convinced him that steel was the future of the railroad industry. He then organized Carnegie, McCandless & Company (with some new partners as some of his earlier iron partners weren't convinced yet) in the United States and built a new steel plant named the Edgar Thompson Steel Works. Unfortunately some of his partners were unable to come up with their shares in the project because of the financial depression of 1873. At the same moment his mentor and friend Thomas Scott wanted Carnegie to bail out his troubled company. Carnegie (wisely) refused, Thomas went bankrupt, and their friendship ended. To keep his enterprise afloat Carnegie took his partner Holley with him to London in the summer of 1874 and the two were, with the aid of Junius Morgan (the Peabody banker and father of J.P. Morgan), able to sell $400,000 worth of bonds to London investors. The Edgar Thomson works were completed in 1875 and the business was an immediate success. In 1877 they already had a 13% share in the steel rail market, which had risen to 29% by 1897. Because Carnegie always had majority control in the partnership, he insisted upon plowing almost all the profits back into improving the works, always upgrading, always in search of the littlest efficiencies. He was always concerned more with building and improving than spending dividends. In October 1883 Carnegie bought the Homestead Works from a group of Pittsburgh investors. In 1886 Carnegie made Charles M. Schwab (at the age of 24; later Pilgrims Society member and known as a "master hustler") general superintendent of the Homestead Works. Married Louise Whitfield of New York in 1887 and they had one child, Margaret. Came up with the idea of Carnegie Hall in 1889 and provided the funds to build it. It was opened in 1891, although construction work continued until 1897. The Carnegie family owned the music hall until 1924 and it is still legendary for its acoustics. In 1892 Frick persuaded Carnegie to merge Carnegie Brothers and Carnegie, Phipps, Company into one vast company, Carnegie Steel. It had an initial capitalization of $25,000,000 which was far below the actual value of the company. Carnegie owned 55%, Frick 11%, Phipps 11%, and nineteen other partners 1% each. In 1895, Andrew Carnegie presented the people of Pittsburgh with the Carnegie Institute. It housed a library, a music hall, an art gallery, and a museum of natural history. It's important to note that Carnegie always (also in the future) funded the building of the actual libraries, but required local governments to legislate commitments to fund ongoing maintenance, staff, and book purchases from public coffers. Carnegie was a generous financial supporter and one of the many vice presidents of the Anti-Imperialist League, which was formed in June 1898 to fight U.S. annexation of the Philippines, citing a variety of reasons ranging from the economic to the legal to the racial to the moral. The league died after the Treaty of Paris was signed in December of that same year. Carnegie consolidated his holdings into Carnegie Steel Co. in 1899 at which moment he controlled 1/4 of American steel production.. In 1900 Carnegie provided $1 million to the Carnegie Technical Schools in Pittsburgh which developed into the Carnegie Institute of Technology in 1912. Sold Carnegie Steel in 1901 to J.P. Morgan for $480 million and used the money to retire. Morgan renamed the company to U.S. Steel. Carnegie had been a director of American Express, Illinois Central Railroad, United States Trust Company of New York, Western Union Telegraph, City & Suburban Homes, and Cuban-Dominican. Gave the New York Public Library $5.2 million for 65 branch libraries in 2001. Created the Trust for the Universities of Scotland in 1901. The gift of $10 million that endowed the trust was larger by several orders of magnitude than the assistance provided by the government of the day to the four ancient Scottish Universities. Established the Carnegie Institution of Washington in 1902, an organization for scientific discovery. His intention was for the institution to be home to exceptional individuals - men and women with imagination and extraordinary dedication capable of working at the cutting edge of their fields. The first president of the institution was Daniel Coit Gilman (incorporated Skull & Bones into the Russell Trust). The Carnegie Teachers' Pension Fund was established in 1905 and Carnegie endowed the fund with $10 million. It was incorporated in the following year as the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and did a lot to improve the level of education in the US. Member of the Philippine Independence Committee in 1904 and a vice president of the Filipino Progress Association 1905-1907. Established the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission in the US in 1904 to help people that had been struck by some kind of disaster. It was established in Britain in 1908 and was soon followed by nine Funds on the European continent: France, Germany (doesn't exist anymore), Belgium, Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland. Funded the first 'Temple of Peace', known as the Bureau of American Republics in Nicaragua, which was ready in 1908. Funded the second 'Temple of Peace', known as the Central American Court of Justice, which was ready in 1910. Contributed to the building of the 'House of the Americas' in Washington D.C. in 1910, which became the headquarters of the Pan American Union. The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace was set up in 1910 at the initial direction of Pilgrims Society member Nicholas Murray Butler (of the Pilgrims). The first president of the Carnegie Endowment was Elihu Root (1910-1925; Pilgrims), who became a primary founder of the Council on Foreign Relations in later years. The Carnegie Endowment publishes Foreign Policy magazine since 1970, which was established by Samuel P. Huntington (who wrote ‘The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World'). The Endowment conducts programs of research, discussion, publication, and education on international affairs and US foreign policy. Today it is funded by the Rockefeller, Luce, and Ford Foundations, AIG, Boeing, Citigroup, and other corporations. Andrew created the Carnegie Corporation of New York in 1911, which is the grant-making organization. Funded the third 'Temple of Peace', known as the Palace of Peace at the Hague, which was ready in 1913 and is owned by the Carnegie Foundation. The Dutch Royals were present at the inauguration. Created the Carnegie United Kingdom Trust in 1913. It was involved in the restoration of some 3,500 church organs throughout the British Isles and the creation of the more than 2800 Carnegie libraries in the United States, Canada, the British Isles, and many countries of the British Commonwealth. 660 of these libraries were located in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The Church Peace Union (today known as the Carnegie Council on Ethics and International Affairs) was established at a meeting at the home of Andrew Carnegie in 1914 with an endowment of over $2 million. When WWI broke out in 1914, Carnegie left Scotland. The Carnegie Endowment established the American Council of Learned Societies in 1919. Elihu Root prepared the final will of Carnegie on March 31, 1919. When he died that same year, Carnegie had given away over $350 million. He was known as a Social Darwinist (supporting the work of Darwin and Herbert Spencer) and a follower of William Torrey Harris, the highly influential American educator who popularized the theories of Georg Hegel and Emmanuel Kant.

Today the Carnegie Endowment is one of the driving forces of the globalization process and funds numerous United Nations programs. The Carnegie Corporation of New York sponsors the CFR on a continuous basis with grants ranging from $25,000 to $900,000 annually and the Atlantic Council of the United States with $25,000 to $100,000 annually. It donated $200,000 to the Royal Institute of International Affairs in 2003. The American Red Cross receives several hundred thousand dollars a year. The Staten Island Zoological Society and the Museum of Jewish Heritage (the ‘Living Memorial to the Holocaust') each receive $100,000 a year. Some other organizations that receive large amounts of grants are the Institute of Semitic Studies, the Center for Jewish History, the American Assembly, the American Museum Of Natural History (Charles Darwin), the American Foreign Policy Council, and the Moscow School of Political Studies. The Carnegie Corporation makes (globalist) research grants to almost, if not all the major universities in the United States and southern Africa. These grants add up to hundreds of thousands of dollars annually to even several million a year to some of the larger universities. The universities in the United States that receive these grants are: America, Arizona, Bradford, Boston, Brigham Young, California, Carnegie Mellon, Catholic, Chicago, Cincinnati, Claremont, Colorado, Columbia, Connecticut, DePau, Dillard, Duke, Emory, Fort Hare, Georgia, Georgetown, George Washington, Harvard, Illinois, Indiana, Johns Hopkins, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Northwestern, Notre Dame, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, Princeton, Queens, Rutgers, Stanford, Syracuse, Temple, Tennessee, Texas, Tufts, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, and Yale. The universities in southern Africa that receive Carnegie grants are: Cape Town, KwaZulu-Natal, Pretoria, Witwatersrand, Western Cape, Makerere, Dar es Salaam, Ghana, Obafemi Awolowo, Jos, Ahmadu Bello, Stellenbosch, Rand Afrikaans, Rhodes, and Makerere. Many of these South African universities receive $2 million a year. Other universities that receive Carnegie research grants are the University of the Pacific, the Central European University (chaired by George Soros), the American University of Beirut, and the Australian National University. The Carnegie Corporation also funds several umbrella organizations in the international education system. Among them are the American Association of University Professors, the American Forum for Global Education, the Association of American Colleges and Universities, the Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges, and the Association of African Universities. The Carnegie Corporation works closely with the Ford Foundation, the MacArthur Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation, and others.

Carrington, Lord Peter Rupert

president

1919-alive

Carrington was educated at Eton and RMA Sandhurst. In 1938 he succeeded his father as 6th Baron Carrington and took his seat in the House of Lords on his 21st birthday in 1940. In WWII he served as a major in the Grenadier Guards and was awarded the Military Cross. Went into politics and joined the Conservatives. Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry for Agriculture and Food 1951-1954. Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Defence 1954-1956. High Commissioner to Australia 1956-1959. Became a member of the Privy Council in 1959. First Lord of the Admiralty 1959-1963. Minister without Portfolio and Leader of the House of Lords 1963-1964. Leader of the Opposition in the House of Lords 1964-1970. Defence Secretary 1970-1974. Chairman of the Conservative Party 1972-1974. Secretary of State for Energy from January to March 1974. Stepped temporarily out of politics in 1974. Has been a director of Rio Tinto, Barclays Bank, Cadbury Schweppes, Hollinger International, Amalgamated Metal, British Metal, and Hambros Bank. Attended the Trilateral Commission in the 1970s. Member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Royal Institute for International Affairs. One of the few who was in the loop of Brian Crozier's (Le Cercle) Shield Committee that succeeded in getting Margaret Thatcher elected in 1979. British Foreign Secretary for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs 1979-1982. Resigned over the Falkland crisis although he expressed his opinion that much of the criticism was unjustified. President of the Pilgrims of Great Britain since 1983. Joined Kissinger Associates in the 1983-1984 period. Secretary General of NATO 1984-1988. Member of the Order of the Garter since 1985. Identified as a governor of the Atlantic Institute for International Affairs in 1987. Chairman of Bilderberg 1989-1998. Governor of the Ditchley Foundations.

Cates, Louis S.

1881-1959

Chairman American Mining Congress, chairman Phelps-Dodge Corporation (the world's number two leading producer of copper and molybdenum and is the world's largest producer of continuous-cast copper rod) 1930-1947. The Phelps-Dodge company was a main financier of the 1934 fascist plot against FDR. The vice president of Phelps-Dodge Corporation, Cleveland Dodge, was one of the Crusaders' National Advisors, who were working together with The American Libert League to turn public opinion pro-fascist. They worked together with the du Ponts, Morgans, Harrimans and many other wealthy influential families, many of them Pilgrims.

Cates, John Martin, Jr.

unknown

Member of the executive committee of the Wolf’s Head Society of Yale, worked at the United States Mission to the United Nations and worked close with McGeorge Bundy and George Wildman Ball, president Center For Inter-American Relations in New York, member Council on Foreign Relations.

Catlin, George Edward Gordon

1896-1979

Educated at St Paul's School, New College, Oxford, and Cornell University, where he was professor of politics 1924-1959. He was lecturer at various universities, including Yale, Calcutta, Columbia, Peking and Berkeley. An Assistant Professor of Politics at Cornell by the age of 28 and subsequently twice acting chairman. In 1925 Catlin wrote the first of many articles advocating the closest Anglo-American cooperation on every level, in fact organic union. In 1926 he was appointed Director of the National Commission (Social Research Council) to study the impact of prohibition in the United States. Between 1928 and 1931 Catlin was attached to the personal staff of Sir Oswald Mosley, a period before Mosley had made his final break with the Labour Party. From 1929 onwards Catlin attempted to win a suitable Labour Party nomination and he unsuccessfully stood for Brentford in 1931 and for Sunderland in 1935. In 1929 he assisted H.G. Wells, Arnold Bennett and other literati in establishing The Realist magazine and between 1935 and 1937 he served on the executive of the Fabian Society. During the 1930s Catlin traveled abroad extensively, journeying to Germany where he witnessed the Dimitrov trial, with its sinister foreshadowing of what Nazism was to become, to Russia for a prolonged examination of the newly established Communist regime and to Spain during the depths of the Civil War. Throughout this period Catlin wrote a large number of journalistic pieces, principally for the Yorkshire Post. He served on the campaign team of Presidential candidate Wendell Wilkie during 1940 and his book, One Anglo-American Nation appeared in 1941. In 1931 Catlin met Gandhi for the first time in London and he became an early advocate of Indian independence, visiting the sub-continent in 1946 and again in 1947 and publishing his tribute to the assassinated leader, In the Path of Mahatma Gandhi, during 1948. He lectured in Peking in 1947, served as Provost of Mar Ivanios College in Indiana in 1953-54 and a Chairman and Bronfman Professor in the Department of Economics and Political Science at McGill University between 1956 and 1960. His autobiography, on which he had worked sporadically since the end of the First World War, was finally published in 1972 as For God's Sake, Go.

Catto, Henry Edward, Jr.

1930-alive

Graduate of Williams College, deputy representative to the Organization of American States 1969-1971, U.S. ambassador to El Salvador 1971-1973, chief of protocol of the White House and Department of State 1974-1976, U.S. representative to the United Nations Offices in Geneva 1976-1977, assistant secretary of Defense for Public Affairs and Pentagon spokesman 1981-1983, vice chairman and president of Broadcast Group at H & C Communications 1983-1989 (operator of network television stations Houston, Orlando-Daytona Beach, San Antonio), U.S. ambassador to Great Britain 1989-1991, director of the United States Information Agency 1991-1993, partner in the insurance firm Catto & Catto, diplomat-in-residence at the University of Texas at San Antonio, member of the Smithsonian National Board, vice-chairman of the Aspen Institute, member of the Council on Foreign Relations, chairman of the Atlantic Council of the United States since 1999.

Calhoun, John Calwell

1843-1918

Was with the Confederate Army at the Battle of Fort Sumter. His wife, Linnie Adams, was grandniece of Richard M. Johnson, vice president of the U.S., 1837-1941. After the war he had agricultural interests in Alabama, Mississippi and Arkansas and was part of the management of the Cotton Exposition in 1884 at New Orleans. He was special ambassador to France in 1897, sent by the S.A.R.---Sons of the American Revolution (France assisted the Colonies in becoming free from the British). Calling himself a "financier" (perhaps the Erlangers put him in business) in the 1897-1942 volume, he was president of the Baltimore Coal Mining & Railroad Company and “Albertite Oilite & Cannel Coal Co. Ltd."

Caulcutt, Sir John

born 1876

Director of large companies. No other info.

Cave, Viscount George

President

1856-1928

Having served as standing Counsel to Oxford University for two years as well as Attorney General to the Prince of Wales, in 1915 Cave was appointed Solicitor General and knighted. The following year, he was made Home Secretary in Lloyd George's coalition government, a post he held for three years. In 1918, Sir George Cave was ennobled as Viscount Cave, of Richmond in the County of Surrey. The following year, he became a Lord of Appeal, and chaired a number of commissions, including the Southern Rhodesian commission and the Munitions Enquiry Tribunal. In 1922, he became Lord Chancellor in Bonar Law's government, and again served in this capacity in Baldwin's first administration. Having been made GCMG in 1921, he was also elected Chancellor of Oxford University in 1925.

Cecil, Lord Robert Gascoyne

1864-1958

Member of the very powerful Cecil family that has produced numerous members of the Order of Garter and the Privy Council, starting with Sir William Cecil in the 1500s. They intermarried with elite blue blood families as de Vere, Arundel, Plantagenet, and Cavendish. William Cecil and his protégé Sir Francis Walsingham devised an intricate spy network during the latter years of Elizabeth I's reign that succeeded in uncovering numerous Catholic plots against the monarch. Sir William Cecil's daughter, Anne, married Edward de Vere, the 17 th Earl of Oxford and a member of what was quite possibly the bluest of blue blood families in existence. De Vere had worked for William Cecil and the throne since a young age and was later rumored to have written the works of Shakespeare. Lady Diana Cecil married the 18th Earl of Oxford.

Third son of Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, who was a member of the Order of the Garter and the Privy Council. The 3rd Marquess of Salisbury was the Chancellor of Oxford University from 1869 to 1903, a fellow of All Souls, and a British prime minister for 14 years. Carrol Quigley described the Rhodes secret society and the Round Table Group (All Souls, Oxford) as the 'Cecil Bloc'. The 3rd Marquess of Salisbury and his family were really the prime movers behind this network. Robert grew to like Benjamin Disraeli, who he had previously distrusted as a Jew. Disraeli eventually became a housefriend to the family and was invested into the Order of the Garter. Baron Lionel de Rothschild was another close friend of Disraeli. One of Cecil's sisters was the mother of Arthur J. Balfour (An occultist who wrote a letter to Lionel de Rothschild in November 1917 declaring that the British government stood behind zionist plans to build a Jewish national home in Palestine) and Gerald W. Balfour. Even today, the Hatfield House is the Hertfordshire home of the family, built between 1609 and 1611 by the1st Earl of Salisbury; a Privy Councillor and Knight of the Garter who was the Chief Minister to James I.

Robert Cecil, the third son of 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, was educated at home until 1877, which he considered superior to his later college education. Went to Eton College and Oxford where he studied law and turned out to excel at debate. Admitted to the Bar in 1887. Married Lady Eleanor Lambton in 1889. Law career from 1887 to 1906. Member of the Coefficients diner-debate Club which organized monthly meetings between 1902 and 1908. Other members were H.G. Wells, Arthur Balfour (a cousin of Cecil), Alfred Milner, Halford Mackinder, Earl Bertrand Russell (often with a different, but not more humane opinion than the others), Viscount Edward Grey, Sidney and Beatrice Webb, and Leopold Amery (Rothschild associate). Member of the Conservative Party to the House of Commons 1906-1910. Set up the RT Group in 1910 with Lionel Curtis and others. Independent Conservative member House of Commons 1911-1923. Worked for the Red Cross 1914-1915. Became a member of the Privy Council in 1915. Assistant Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs 1915-1916. Minister of Blockade from 1916 to 1918, being responsible for devising procedures to bring economic and commercial pressure against the enemy. Assistant Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs 1918-1919. Chancellor of Birmingham University 1918-1944. Chairman of the Supreme Economic Council of the Versailles Peace Treaty in 1919 and one of the principal draftsmen of the League of Nations Covenant. Co-founder and first chairman of the Royal Institute of International Affairs in 1920. Became the first 1th Viscount of Chelwood in 1923. Lord Privy Seal 1923-1924. President of the British League of Nations Union 1923-1945. Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1924-1927. In 1985 John Coleman named Robert Cecil as the brainchild behind the Unity of Science Conferences that ran from 1929 to 1941. Received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1937 for his work in establishing the League of Nations. During this meeting he and co-Pilgrims Society member Nicholas Murray Butler spoke in favor of expanding the role of the League of Nations. Present at the final meeting of the League of Nations in 1946 and ended his speech with the words: "The League is dead, long live the United Nations." Cecil's autobiography, 'All the Way', was published in 1949. Member Pilgrims Society. Today, his great great nephew, 7th Marquess of Salisbury, is a member of Le Cercle and the Privy Council.

Chadbourne, William Merriam

born 1879

New York lawyer, vice president of the China Society of America.

Chaffee, Adna Romanza

1842-1914

A General in the United States Army. Chaffee took part in the Indian Wars, played a key role in the Spanish-American War, and was instrumental at crushing the Boxer Rebellion in China. He also fought in the Philippine-American War in 1901 and 1902. Chaffee was the Chief of Staff of the United States Army from 1904 to 1906, overseeing far-reaching transformation of organization and doctrine in the Army.

Chamberlain, Arthur Neville

1869-1940

he first half of his career was spent in business and, after 1911, in the city government of Birmingham, of which he became lord mayor in 1915. In 1917 he was director of national service, supervising conscription, and the following year, at the age of 50, he was elected to Parliament as a Conservative. During the 1920s he served both as chancellor of the exchequer (1923–24) and minister of health (1923, 1924–29). In the latter position, he enacted a series of important reforms that simplified the administration of Britain's social services and systematized local government. In 1931 he again became chancellor of the exchequer and held that office until he succeeded Stanley Baldwin as prime minister in 1937. During the 1930s, Chamberlain's professed commitment to avoiding war with Hitler resulted in his controversial policy of “appeasement,” which culminated in the Munich Pact (1938). Although contemporaries and scholars during and after the war criticized Chamberlain for believing that Hitler could be appeased, recent research argues that Chamberlain was not so naive and that appeasement was a shrewd policy developed to buy time for an ill-prepared Britain to rearm. After Germany's invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1939, he pledged military support to Poland and led Britain to war in September. After the British debacle in Norway, he was forced to resign in May, 1940. He was lord president of the council under Winston Churchill until Oct., 1940, and died a few weeks later.

Charles, Michael Harrison

He was educated at Jacksonville Episcopal High School, the University of Florida, Florida State University and New York University. Mr. Charles is a well-known interior designer having worked for several major architectural firms before founding Michael H. Charles Associates in 1985. Member of the Advisory Council of the Hereditary Society Community of the United States of America (researches history and genealogy). His designs have been published in numerous magazines and books over the years and he was the recipient of the prestigious Wool Bureau Award for fabric design. Michael H.Charles Associates maintains offices in New York City and St. Augustine, Florida. Mr. Charles is a member of the Pilgrims of the United States, New York, as well as The Honourable Company of Freemen of London.. He is also a member of St. Thomas Church of Fifth Avenue wherehe serves as Head Usher, and on the Choir School Benefit Committee, as Acquisitions Chairman, and on the Stewardship Committee. He is a life member of the Society of Mary; Confraternity of the Blessed Sacrament; Guild of All Souls; Society of St. King Charles the Martyr; and the Church Club of New York where he also serves as a member of Events Committee. Mr. Charles is Worshipful Master of the Masonic Independent Royal Arch Lodge #2 F&AM, of New York City. He has served as Junior Warden and Master of Ceremonies. Mr. Charles is also a member of Long I Grotto; Scottish Rite, Valley of New York, 32 degree; Ancient Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, New York City; Columbian Council, Cryptic Masons, New York City; Morton Commandery, Knights Templar, New York City; Paumonock Council, Knight Masons, New York City; Quartro Coranotti Lodge, London, England. He is a member of the Ponte Vedra Club of Jacksonville, FL; the Royal Scottish Automobile Club of Glasgow, Scotland; and the Lansdowne Club of London of London, England. Society of the Cincinnati in the State of Virginia (life member); General Society of Colonial Wars (Secretary and life member of the New York Society; regular member of the Florida Society Society; Gentleman of the Council in New York and Florida Societies); Saint Nicholas Society of the City of New York (life member; Member of the Council); Colonial Order of the Acorn (life member); Order of the Indian Wars of the United States (life member); General Society Sons of the Revolution (member in the States of New York and Pennsylvania; life member of NY Society; Fraunces Tavern Museum Board Member); Saint Andrews Society of New York (life member) Saint David Society of New York (life member); Saint George's Society of New York (life member; Board member; Chairman Activities; Chairman - Queen's Jubilee 2002; Ball Committee); Society of the Sons of Saint George of Philadelphia (life member); Military Society of the War of 1812 (life member); Veteran Corps of Artillery State of New York (life member); The Huguenot Society of America (life member; Registrar General; Member of the Membership Committee); Colonial Society of Pennsylvania Military Order of the Stars and Bars (life member; Commander of the New York Society); Order of the Southern Cross (life member); Dutch Settlers Society of Albany (life member); Huguenot Society of Pennsylvania (life member); National Society Sons of the American Colonists (life member; former Vice President General); Society of the Descendants of the ColonialClergy (life member); Hereditary Order of the Descendants of Colonial Governors (life member; Third Vice President General); Order of Americans of Armorial Ancestry (life member); Flagon and Trencher (life member); Descendants of the Founders of New Jersey (life member); National Society Descendants of Early Quakers (life member); Friendly Sons of St. Patrick of Philadelphia (life member); Order of Descendants of Colonial Physicians & Chirurgiens (life member); Sons and Daughters of the Colonial & Antebellum Bench and Bar 1585-1861 (life member); National Society Sons of the American Revolution (Florida State, Past Regional Vice President; Organizing President, St. Augustine Chapter; First Continental Chapter, New York City, Member of the Council); General Society of the War of 1812 (former Florida State President); National Society Sons and Daughters of the Pilgrims (Florida and New York; Councilor - New York Branch); Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem (Officer); Sovereign Military Order of the Temple of Jerusalem (Prior of St. Michael & St. George New York City Priory; Silver Pilgrim Shell); Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (Cavalieri)

Choate, Joseph H.

unknown

A Rockefeller attorney, present as a chairman at an 1882 meeting where they unanimously denounced the Jewish persecution in Russia (an Anson Phelps-Stokes was also a chairman. His son was a S&B member in 1896, just as many other Phelps), president of the 1892 Constitutional Convention working close with later Pilgrim Elihu Root, successfully challenged the Income Tax Act of 1894 (saw it was Communist), ambassador to Britain 1899-1905, U.S. delegate to the International Peace Conference at The Hague in 1907, attended a 1908 Pilgrim meeting.

Christopher, Warren M.

1925-alive

Studied law at Stanford, deputy attorney general under President Lyndon Johnson, deputy secretary of state under President Jimmy Carter (he was the chief American negotiator in the 1981 talks that ended the Iranian hostage crisis), director Council on Foreign Relations 1982-1987, vice-chairman Council on Foreign Relations 1987-1991, Stanford University trustee, Secretary of State 1993-1997 (particularly involved in seeking Arab-Israeli peace agreements and in negotiating a peace in Bosnia), chairman of the Independent Commission on the Los Angeles Police Department, director of Chevron-Texaco, Lockheed, Southern California Edison and First Interstate Bancorporation. Anno 2005, Chairman of the Carnegie Corporation in New York.

Chrysler, Walter Percy

1875-1940

Founder of the Chrysler Corporation (now part of DaimlerChrysler A.G.). He began as a machinist’s apprentice and rose within the industry to become vice president in charge of operations at General Motors in 1919. In 1920 he undertook the reorganization of the Willys Overland and Maxwell companies. In 1924 he brought out the first Chrysler car and within a short time he made the company one of the largest automobile manufacturers.

Church, Elihu

hon. secretary

unknown

Multimillionaire, rose to a major during WWI, engineer of Transportation of the Port Authority of New York.

Churchill, Sir Winston

1874-1965

The son of Lord Randolph Churchill, who was (very) close to Nathaniel de Rothschild, and an American mother. He was educated at Harrow and Sandhurst. After a brief but eventful career in the army, he became a Conservative Member of Parliament in 1900. He held many high posts in Liberal and Conservative governments during the first three decades of the century. At the outbreak of the Second World War, he was appointed First Lord of the Admiralty - a post which he had earlier held from 1911 to 1915. In May, 1940, he became Prime Minister and Minister of Defence and remained in office until 1945. He took over the premiership again in the Conservative victory of 1951 and resigned in 1955. However, he remained a Member of Parliament until the general election of 1964, when he did not seek re-election. Queen Elizabeth II conferred on Churchill the dignity of Knighthood and invested him with the insignia of the Order of the Garter in 1953. Among the other countless honours and decorations he received, special mention should be made of the honorary citizenship of the United States which President Kennedy conferred on him in 1963. Chancellor of the University of Bristol 1929-1965. Churchill was an ordained Druid and very interested in spiritualism.

Clarke, Sir Caspar Purdon

1846-1911

Architect, archaeologist and museum director, had been on purchasing expeditions on behalf of the Victoria and Albert Museum to Turkey, Syria, Greece, Spain, Italy and Germany. He spent two years as a special commissioner in India, which is when he acquired the Hamzanama (painting of an uncle of the prophet Muhammed).

Clarkson, Robert

unknown

Royal Globe Insurance Group in the first part of the 20th century. All the information available.

Clews, James B.

unknown

Stayed at the Waldorf-Astoria. All the information available.

Clover, Richardson

1846-1919

In 1897-1898 he was chief of the Office of Naval Intelligence; member of the Board on Construction of Vessels, 1897-1899; member War and Strategy board, 1898; commanded U.S.S. Bancroft, May 1, 1898, until end of Spanish-American War; served as Naval Attaché in London, 1900-1903; commanded as Rear Admiral, the U.S.S. Wisconsin, Asiatic region, 1904-1905; and served as president of the Board of Inspection, 1906-1908.

Coleman, Charles P.

born 1865

Lehigh Valley Railroad (Vanderbilt and Rockefeller ownership), director American-Russian Chamber of Commerce from its founding in 1922. Father of Leighton H. Coleman.

Coleman, Leighton Hammond

unknown

Emeritus director of RJ. Reynolds Industries. Son of Charles P. Coleman.

Coleshill, Lord Vincent of

1931-alive

Richard (Dick) Vincent was born in London in 1931 and educated at Aldenham and The Royal Military College of Science, Shrivenham. His command appointments have included a battery in the Commonwealth Brigade in Malaysia, Regimental Command in Germany and the United Kingdom (with an operational tour in Northern Ireland), Command of an Infantry Brigade and, as a Major General, Commandant of the Royal Military College of Science. Starting in 1983, Lord Vincent served for four years on the Army Board as the member responsible for the acquisition of new land weapon systems and equipment and he took up his first Chief of Staff appointment as Vice Chief of the Defence Staff in 1987. In this latter appointment he was directly involved in initiating high level military contacts with the former Soviet Union, where he travelled widely in response to the Gorbachev reforms. Lord Vincent was promoted Field Marshal and appointed Chief of Defence Staff in April 1991. He was then elected to the NATO appointment of Chairman of the Military Committee from 1993 to 1996 at a time when The Alliance forged closer relationships with the nations of central and eastern Europe and became increasingly involved with operations in former Yugoslavia, ultimately launching the NATO led IFOR operation in 1995. In addition to his military qualifications, he holds a DSc (Hons) from Cranfield University, is a Fellow of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Royal Aeronautical Society, Imperial College London and The City and Guilds of London Institute. He is a Freeman of the City of London, a Freeman of the Worshipful Company of Wheelwrights, an Aldenham School Governor and a Governor of the Ditchley Foundation. He is a member of the Jordanian Order of Merit and the United States Legion of Merit in the rank of Commander. Since finishing his full-time military career in 1996, he has been created a life peer and held the appointment of Master Gunner, St James's Park until 2001. He is also Chairman of the Council of Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Chairman of Insys Limited (formerly Hunting Defence Limited), and a Director of Vickers Defence Systems. He became President of The Defence Manufacturers Association in 2000 (Vice-President 1996) and President of the Council of University Military Education Committees in 1999. In 1998 he became Chancellor of Cranfield University and is President of the Cranfield Trust and Patron of the INSPIRE Charity Foundation. He is a Member of The Pilgrims. Has received the Order of the British Empire and is a Knight Commander of the British Empire. Today he is a Chancellor of Cranfield University.

Collier, Barron Gift

1873-1939

One of the founders of INTERPOL and largest landowner in Florida, for whom is named Collier County. Collier senior was chairman of Police Magazine; special police commissioner for New York, 1922-1928; treasurer, American Electric Railway Association, director, Empire Trust Company; Baltimore Commercial Bank; Bank of the Everglades; Florida Trust & Banking Company; Waldorf Astoria Incorporated; First National Bank of Arcadia, Florida; Inter-County Telephone & Telegraph Company; Manhattan Mercantile Corporation; Florida Railroad & Navigation Corporation; Florida Gulf Coast Hotels; Street Railways Advertising Company; and others. Collier was a governor of the George Washington/Sulgrave Institution and chaired the executive committee of James Monroe Memorial Association and Foundation.

Collins, Richard Henn

1842-1911

One of the leading judges at turn of the century. Justice of the Court of Appeals, Supreme Court of the Judicature, and member of the Privy Council. Master of the Rolls from 1901 to 1907.

Collins, Robert Moore

born 1867

A reporter for several important newspapers and worked as an editor in the Washington and New York offices of the Associated Press. He did chiefly political work for the Associated Press. He was the chief newsman for Reuters and the Associated Press for many stories coming out of the Orient.

Connelly, Joan Breton

A.B. in 1976 (Classics) from Princeton University. M.A. in 1979 of Bryn Mawr College and a Ph.D. in 1984 (Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology). Affiliations: Society for the Preservation of the Greek Heritage, Trustee; Society of Anitquaries of London; Royal Geographical Society, Explorers Club; Society of Women Geographers; Archaeological Institute of America; Cyprus American Archaeological Research Institute (former trustee); Oxford Philological Society; Pilgrims of the United States. Fellowships/Honors: Honorary Citizenship, Peyia Municipality, Republic of Cyprus; Lillian Vernon Chair for Teaching Excellence, New York University; Appointed to the United States Cultural Property Advisory Committee by President George W. Bush, (February 2003); John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Fellowship; Visiting Fellowships All Souls College, Magdalen College and New College, Oxford; Phi Beta Kappa Visiting Fellowship; New York University Presidential (Mellon) Fellowship; New York University Golden Dozen Teaching Award; Metropolitan Museum of Art Classical Fellowship and Norbert Schimmel Fellowship.

Corbin, Henry Clark

1842-1909

Was a Northern Civil War combatant as a brigadier General of volunteers. He was detailed for duty in March 1877 at the Executive Mansion (White House) and was secretary of the Sitting Bull Commission. According to page 260 of the 1897-1942 Who Was Who, Corbin was "with President Garfield at the time he was shot and at his bedside at Elberon, where he died. In recognition of his services, and the part he took in war with Spain, Congress conferred upon him the rank of major General commanding the Atlantic Division, 1904."

Cornwallis, Lord

1892-1982

Knight of the British empire, directly descended from the original Lord Charles Cornwallis (1738-1805), who invaded America at the direction of the British Crown and fought many battles, some directly against George Washington. (Although he seemed to have opposed the heavy taxes England imposed on the Colonies) The most recent (3rd) Baron Cornwallis is Fiennes Neil Wykeham Cornwallis, born in 1921. The name on the Pilgrim probably referred to the second Baron Cornwallis.

Coudert, Frederic René

1832–1903

His father fled France during the revolution to escape the guillotine. Coudert and his brothers founded Coudert Brothers LLP in 1853 in NY. It would become a powerful law firm, which would still exist anno 2005. Coudert became a leading figure in New York’s legal, social and diplomatic circles. It is believed that he twice turned down appointments to the Supreme Court of the United States. He is also credited with helping to bring the Statue of Liberty to New York Harbor, raising funds and intervening to smooth over diplomatic entanglements. Today the firm has 27 offices in 18 countries.

Coudert, Frederic René, Jr.

1898-1972

Attended Browning and Morristown Schools in New York City; was graduated from Columbia University in 1918 and from its law school in 1922; served as a first lieutenant in the One Hundred and Fifth United States Infantry, Twenty-seventh Division, with overseas service, in 1917 and 1918; was admitted to the bar in 1923 and commenced practice in New York City; assistant United States attorney for the southern district of New York in 1924 and 1925; unsuccessful Republican candidate for district attorney of New York County in 1929; delegate to the Republican State conventions from 1930 to 1948; delegate to the Republican National Conventions 1936-1948; member of the State senate 1939-1946; elected as a Republican to the Eightieth and to the five succeeding Congresses (1947-1959); was not a candidate for renomination in 1958 to the Eighty-sixth Congress; engaged in the practice of law in New York City; member of State Commission on Governmental Operations of the city of New York 1959-1961; retired from the practice of law due to ill health and resided in New York City, where he died May 21, 1972.

Coudert, Alexis Carrel

1914-1980

Kid brother of Frederic Coudert Jr. Law clerk at the U.S. Supreme Court 1938-1939. Law professor at Columbia University. Director of French-American Banking Corporation, Peugeot Motors, Pellon Corporation, Unity Fire & General Insurance, and Planned Parenthood of Manhattan. 25 year managing partner of the Coudert Brothers.

Crankshaw, Sir Eric Norman Spencer

1885-1966

Army Lieutenant-Colonel, secretary of the Government Hospitality Fund, Knight Commander of the Order of St. Michael and St. George. Heavily involved with British empire building surrounding WWII. He met with many Pilgrims and organized some dinner parties.

Cromwell, William Nelson

1854-1948

Prominent lawyer in New York, accountant with the New York law firm of Algernon S. Sullivan, partner in Sullivan and Cromwell 1879, established the William Nelson Cromwell Foundation. Could be one of the direct descendant of Oliver Cromwell, who is said to have been sponsored by the money changers in western Europe to take the throne of England in 1649.

Crossley, Sir Julian

hon. treasurer

1899–1971

Long-time chairman of the Barclay’s Bank.

Crowe, William J., Jr.

1925-alive

At the beginning of the Great Depression, Crowe's father moved the family to Oklahoma City. Crowe's Naval career began at the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, from which he graduated in 1947. From 1954 to 1955 he served as Assistant to the Naval Aide of President Dwight D. Eisenhower. From 1956 to 1958 Crowe served as Executive Officer of the submarine USS Wahoo. In 1958 he served as an aide to the Deputy Chief of Naval Operations. In 1960 Crowe took command of USS Trout, homeported in Charleston, South Carolina, and served as Commanding Officer of that boat until 1962. From there, Crowe earned a Master's Degree and Ph.D. from Princeton University, returning to service in 1966 to take command of Submarine Division 31, homeported in San Diego, California. Appointed Senior Adviser to the Vietnamese Navy Riverine Force in 1970. Promoted to Rear Admiral and made Deputy Director, Strategic Plans, Policy, Nuclear Systems and NSC Affairs Division, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations in 1973. Director, East Asia and Pacific Region, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense 1975-1976. Commander Middle East Force 1976-1977. Deputy Chief of Naval Operations, Plans and Policy 1977-1980. Commander in Chief, Allied Forces, Southern Europe 1980-1983. Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command 1983-1985. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 1985-1989. Chairman of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board 1993-1994. Ambassador to the United Kingdom 1994-1997. Chairman of two Accountability Review Boards charged with investigating the bombings of the embassies in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam 1998-1999. He has sat on the Boards of Texaco, Merrill Lynch, Pfizer, Norfolk Southern Corporation, General Dynamics, and GlobalOptions, Inc. At present, Crowe serves as the Chairman of the Board of Visitors for the International Programs Center of Oklahoma University. Member of the Council on Foreign Relations' Task Force on Emergency Responders. Received the Medal of Freedom.

Cullman, Hugh

unknown

Unconfirmed Pilgrim, but his cousin is. Hugh has been vice chairman of Philip Morris Company, director of United Virginia Bancshares, president Richmond Corp., the Foreign Policy Association, and the International Chamber of Commerce.

Cullman, Joseph F. III

unknown

Trustee Bank of England 1958-1970, president and CEO Philip Morris Company (sixties), director Ford Motor Company, IBM, Bankers Trust Company and others. Cullman is well-known for stating categorically "I do not believe that cigarettes are hazardous to one's health", which he said in a 1971 interview after the TV tobacco advertising ban was begun. He is a member of the Peace Parks foundation.

Curzon, Lord George

1859-1925

A brilliant student, at Eton College he won a record number of academic prizes before entering Oxford University in 1878. He was elected president of the Oxford Union in 1880 and although he failed to achieve a first he was made a fellow of All Souls College in 1883. A member of the Conservative Party, Curzon was elected MP for Southport in 1886. It was a safe Tory seat and Curzon neglected his parliamentary duties to travel the world. This material provided the material for Russia in Central Asia (1889), Persia and the Persian Question (1892) and Problems of the Far East (1894). In November, 1891, Marquis of Salisbury appointed Curzon as his secretary of state for India. Curzon lost office when Earl of Rosebery formed a Liberal Government in 1894. After the 1895 General Election, the Conservative Party regained power and Curzon was rewarded with the post of under secretary for foreign affairs. Three years later the Marquis of Salisbury granted him the title, Baron Curzon of Kedleston, and appointed him Viceroy of India. Curzon introduced a series of reforms that upset his civil servants. He also clashed with Lord Kitchener (Freemasonry grand master), who became commander-in-chief of the Indian Army, in 1902. Arthur Balfour, the new leader of the Conservative Party, began to have doubts about Curzon and in 1905 he was forced out of office. Curzon returned to England where he led the campaign against women's suffrage in the House of Lords. In 1908 he helped establish the Anti-Suffrage League and eventually became its president. In 1916 the new prime minister, David Lloyd George, invited Curzon into his War Cabinet. Curzon served as leader of the House of Lords but refused to support the government's decision to introduce the 1918 Qualification of Women Act. Despite Curzon's objections, it was passed by the Lords by 134 votes to 71. Curzon was appointed foreign secretary in 1919 and when Andrew Bonar Law resigned as prime minister in May, 1923, Curzon was expected to become the new prime minister. However, the post went to Stanley Baldwin instead. He continued as foreign secretary until retiring from politics in 1924.

Cutting, Robert Fulton

1852-1934

Chairman City & Suburban Homes Co., surrounded by other Pilgrims in daily life.

Davis, John William

1873-1955

Democratic congressman from West Virginia 1911-1913. U. S. Solicitor general 1913-1918. Ambassador to Great Britain 1918-1921. Present at the 1919 Versailles Peace Conference. President of the American English-Speaking Union. Chairman Davis, Polk and Wardwell law firm (clients included J.P. Morgan and Company, and U.S. Steel). Founding president of the Council on Foreign Relations 1921-1933. Other founders of the CFR were Elihu Root and Paul Warburg. Director Council on Foreign Relations 1933-1955. Rejected appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court 1922. Democratic presidential candidate 1924. President of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York 1931-1932. Director American Telephone & Telegraph. Trustee Rockefeller Foundation. Davis supported the Crusaders, which was one of the Fascist front groups trying to overthrow FDR and his New Deal. The main organization was American Liberty League. He was also a main organizer of the anti-New Deal Liberty league against FDR.

Davison, Henry Pomeroy

1867-1922

Jekyll Island meeting 1910. His son was in the Skull & Bones class of 1920, just as a couple of other members of the Davison family. This family is intermarried with the Aldrich, Rockefeller, Peabody and Stillman family (all Pilgrims). Involved with the Red Cross during WWI and received at least one 2 million dollar donation from co-Pilgrim George F. Baker.

Dawes, Charles G.

exec. committee

1865-1951

Comptroller of the Currency 1897-1901, organized the Central Trust Company of Illinois at Chicago in 1902, chairman of the General Purchasing Board of the Allied Expeditionary Forces during World War I (decided who got the contracts), the 1924 Dawes plan to save Germany's economy from total collapse was named after him, Nobel Peace Prize 1925, vice President of the United States 1925-1929, ambassador to Great Britain 1929-1932, chairman Reconstruction Finance Corporation starting in 1932

Dean, Arthur Hobson

1898-1987

John Dulles' Law Partner in Sullivan & Cromwell. Special Ambassador to Korea (1953-1954). Director Council on Foreign Relations 1955-1972. Attended the 1957 Bilderberg meeting. Chairman of the U.S. Delegation on Nuclear Arms Testing, Geneva, Switzerland in 1962. Vietnam War hawk. Member of Committee for An Effective and Durable Peace in Asia. New York Social Register. Century Club. Pacific Union Club. Member of the Foreign Policy Association. Director of the UN Association and Lazard Funds, Inc. Trustee Carnegie Foundation. Director or trustee of the Japan Society.

Debs, Richard A.

alive

CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York; member of the FED's Federal Open Market Committee; Founding president of Morgan Stanley International and continues as a member of its International Advisory Board; vice chairman of the US Saudi Arabian Business Council; chairman and a member of the New York Stock Exchange International Committee; member of the Group of Thirty; U.S. chairman of the Bretton Woods Commission; served as an advisor to the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and the Russian American Bankers Forum; trustee of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; chairman of the Board of Trustees of the American University of Beirut until 2005 (joined in the board in 1976); chairman emeritus of Carnegie Hall, where he continues to serve on the Executive Committee, and a trustee of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Institute of International Education, Federation of Protestant Welfare Agencies, and director of several international business and financial corporations. Trustee of the Institute of International Education; He is also a member of the Economic Club of New York, Japan Society, American Council on Germany, and Council on Foreign Relations. He was a Fulbright Scholar in Egypt and a Ford Foundation Fellow, and holds a PhD from Princeton, a JD from Harvard Law School and an AMP from the Harvard Business School.

Depew, Chauncey Mitchell

co-founder

1834-1928

Yale Skull & Bones 1856, admitted to the bar 1858, United States Minister to Japan, twice elected U.S. senator from New York, colonel and judge advocate of the fifth division of the New York National Guard 1873-1881, president of the New York Central & Hudson River railroad 1885-1899 and it's later chairman, co-founder Pilgrim Society.

Dillon, Clarence

1882-1979

Harvard, studied the methods of the money changers as Rothschild and Morgan, American Together with James Forrestal (president of Dillon, Read & Company 1938-1940, later MJ-12?) he set up Foreign Securities Corporation in 1915 to finance the French Government’s purchases of munitions in the United States, established National Cash Register, bought Dodge Brothers, saved Goodyear from bankruptcy, joined W.A. Read and Company, which evolved into Dillon, Read & Company. Dillon, Read & Company was one of the comapnies that made large loans to Nazi Germany in the 1930s. It became one of the largest investment companies in the mid-20th century.

Dillon, Clarence Douglas

1909-2003

Born on a business trip in Geneva, went to Harvard, his daughter became Princess Joan de Luxembourg, director of United States & Foreign Securities Corporation and United States & International Securities Corporation, 1937-1953 (and from 1971 on again), US Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to France 1953-1957, United States treasury secretary 1961-1965, director Council on Foreign Relations 1965-1976, vice-chairman Council on Foreign Relations 1976-1978, chairman Brookings Institution 1968-1975, member Atlantic Council of the United States, director Chase Manhattan Bank and American Telephone & Telegraph, vice president, then director, then chairman of the board of Dillon Read and Company, owner of France’s Haut-Brion vineyards, received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1989.

Dilworth, Joseph Richardson

1916-1997

Yale Skull & Bones 1938, chairman of Rockefeller Center, Rockefeller Family & Associates since 1958, director Chase Manhattan Bank, International Basic Economy Corporation, Selected Risk Investments, R.H. Macy, Squibb Pharmaceuticals, Omega Fund and Diamond Shamrock Corporation, trustee of both Yale University and Rockefeller University, member Council on Foreign Relations.

Dinkey, Alva Clymer

1866-1931

From water boy in the steel mills to self-made millionaire, first job was in the Edgar Thompson Works, one of the plants of the Carnegie Steel Company, became a telegraph operator, a machinist and electrician, president of the Carnegie Steel Company 1903-1915, president of the Midvale Steel Company at Nicetown.

Dorrance, John Thompson, Jr

died 1989

Chairman of Campbell Soup Corporation (founded by his father). Today he and his family are multimillionaires and billionaires.

Douglas, Donald

1892-1981

Donald Wills Douglas, the second son of an assistant cashier of the National Park Bank, was born in Brooklyn, New York, April 6, 1892, and started his education at Trinity Chapel School in New York City. At the age of 17, Donald Douglas entered the U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis where he spent much of his time building and testing model airplanes. Left the Naval Academy in 1912. He soon realized he needed to learn more about his chosen career field and completed the four-year bachelor of science program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in only two years. Because of his academic performance, Douglas was immediately hired at MIT as an assistant professor in aeronautics. Worked for different aircraft companies. Eventually, in 1921, he founded Douglas Aircraft, which became a world leader in the aircraft building industry. In 1932, he started building the DC-1 and launched his career as a builder of transports. By 1940, sales of DC-2 and DC-3 transports and their military derivatives rose to nearly $61 million. Co-founder of the RAND Corporation in 1948, a not-for-profit private institute created out of Douglas Aircraft. Produced some 45,000 aircraft in WWII. Donald Wills Douglas Sr. was company president until 1957, when his son, Donald Douglas Jr., took over that position. Donald Douglas Sr. remained chairman of the board. At the age of 75, on April 28, 1967, Douglas merged his company with the McDonnell Aircraft Company and retired. He remained honorary chairman of the McDonnell Douglas board until his death on Feb. 1, 1981.

Douglas, Lewis Williams

1894-1974

Fought in WWI in the artillery from 1917 to 1919, instructor of history at Amherst College in 1920, engaged in mining and general business, member of the Arizona State house of representatives 1923-1925, elected as a Democrat to the Seventieth Congress, reelected to the three succeeding Congresses 1927-1933, director of the budget by President Franklin D. Roosevelt 1933-1934, vice president and member of the board of a chemical company 1934-1938, principal and vice chancellor of McGill University, Montreal, Canada 1938-1939, president of an insurance company 1940-1947, director Council on Foreign Relations 1940-1964, chairman of the board on leave of absence 1947-1959, deputy administrator of the War Shipping Administration 1942-1944, United States Ambassador to Great Britain 1947-1950, director General Motors Corporation 1944-1965, chairman and director, Southern Arizona Bank & Trust Company 1949-1966, appointed by the President to head Government Study of Foreign Economic Problems in 1953, member, President’s Task Force on American Indians 1966-1967, director International Nickel Company of Canada, director Continental Oil Company. His daughter, Sharman Douglas, supposedly had a 2-year lesbian affair with Queen Elizabeth II's younger sister, Princess Margaret Windsor. She also married Pilgrim Andrew Hay from 1968 to 1977.

Drum, Hugh Aloysius

1879-1951

Graduated from Boston College in 1898. Joining the Army, he was made a second lieutenant in the 12th infantry. Climbing quickly up the ranks, he became assistant Chief of Staff to General Pershing in France. In 1918 he was promoted to colonel, and became Chief of Staff of the First Army, AEF. Following the war Colonel Drum was engaged in various military schools. He was promoted to Major General by 1931 and sent to Honolulu to serve as commander. In 1940 he was promoted to Lieutenant General in charge of the New York national guard. From 1944 until his death, he was the president of Empire State Inc. During his career he was awarded the Silver Star, Distinguished Service Medal, and the Croix de Guerre.

Duke, James Buchanan

1856-1925

James Buchanan Duke goes to New York to develop the new industry of pre-rolled, packaged cigarettes. He establishes the American Tobacco Company with money from New York city financiers, especially Oliver Payne (advisor - intermarried with the Whitneys) and William Collins Whitney (Skull & Bones 1863 - comes from a family of Pilgrims) and starts buying out the competition. Duke made a deal with British Tobacco companies not to invade the European market and the British promised not to invade the American market. This deal lasted until about 1901. In 1905, James Duke co-founded the Southern Power Company, now known as Duke Power, one of the companies making up Duke Energy, Inc. Within two decades, this company is supplying electricity to more than 300 cotton mills and various other factories, electric lines, and cities and towns primarily in the Piedmont region of North and South Carolina. In 1911, the United States Supreme Court orders the dissolution of the tobacco trust.

Duke, Angier Biddle

1915-1995

From the family who owns or owned the American Tobacco Company, Duke Power, Duke Endowment and Duke University. Angier has been ambassador to El Salvador 1952-1953, chief of protocol to JFK and LBJ, ambassador to Spain 1965-1968, Denmark 1968-1969, Vietnam 1973, and Morocco 1979-1981, chairman U.S.-Japan Foundation 1981-1986, became president of the Council of American Ambassadors in 1992, decorated by Great Britain, France, Spain, Sweden, Denmark, Morocco and Greece.

Dulles, John Foster

1888-1959

Brother of Allen W. Dulles; Princeton and George Washington University; special agent for Department of State in Central America in 1917; Captain and Major in the United States Army Intelligence Service 1917-1918; assistant to chairman War Trade Board 1918; present at the 1919 Versailles Peace Conference; Polish Plan of Financial Stabilization 1927; American representative of the Berlin Debt Conferences 1933; member of the United States delegation to the San Francisco Conference on World Organization 1945; adviser to Secretary of State at Council of Foreign Ministers in London 1945; Moscow and London 1947 and Paris 1949; representative to the General Assembly of the United Nations 1946-1949; chairman of the United States delegation in Paris 1948; trustee of Rockefeller Foundation; chairman of the board of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; member of the New York State Banking Board 1946-1949; Republican to the United States Senate July 7, 1949 to November 8, 1949; United States representative to the Fifth General Assembly of the United Nations 1950; consultant to the Secretary of State 1951-1952; appointed Secretary of State by President Dwight D. Eisenhower 1953-1959.

Dulles, Allen Welsh

1893-1969

Brother of John F. Dulles. Princeton up to 1916. Attended Cap & Gown events, according to Kay Griggs, just as Donald Rumsfeld, William Colby, Frank Carlucci, James Baker, George Griggs, and George P. Shultz (August 3, 2005, Rense). Sent to Bern, Switzerland to work under State Department senior Hugh Wilson (Skull & Bones 1909) to collect political information on Germany and the Austro-Hungarian Empire 1916-1918. Joines his older brother, John Foster Dulles (Pilgrim), and David Bruce (Pilgrim) as members of President Woodrow Wilson's staff at the Versailles Peace Conference in 1919. Became a partner in Sullivan & Cromwell from 1927. Director of Schroder Co. Director Council on Foreign Relations 1927-1933. Secretary Council on Foreign Relations 1933-1944. In May 1941 he urges the U.S. to enter World War II. Recruited by OSS intelligence chief and Knight of Malta Colonel William J. Donovan 1941. Sets up and runs a spy post in Bern, Switserland 1942-1945. Vice-president Council on Foreign Relations 1944-1946. Said to have been involved in Operation Paperclip where about many German scientists and their families were secretly imported into the United States and placed into the Military-Industrial complex. President Council on Foreign Relations 1946-1950. Director Central Intelligence Agency 1953-1961. Member of President Johnson’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy 1963-1964 (forerunner of the Warren Commission). Primary United Fruit Company shareholder. Dulles International Airport in Washington, D.C. is named after him. Member of the Pilgrims Society, and the Order of Malta. Seems to have been a member of the 'Knight's Templar' (together with Kermit Roosevelt and Frank Wisner), an elite intelligence group within the CIA.

Duncan, William Butler

president

1830-1912

Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, New York banker 1851-75, president of Great Western Insurance Company during the American civil war, sat together with J.P. Morgan on the Advisory Committee of Robinson & Cox (attorneys for United States Lloyds, one of the most powerful institutions of the City of London), the only American member of London's exclusive club, the Travelers (since 1868, when relations between the U.S. and England were strained over the Alabama claims), president and later chairman of the board of the Mobile & Ohio Railroad, didn't attend a 1908 Pilgrim dinner (as president) due to sickness.

Dunn, Gano

exec. committee

1870-1953

president American Institute of Electrical Engineers 1911- 1912, president J.G. White Engineering Corporation in 1913 (founded by a Pilgrim), member War Department Nitrate Commission 1916-1918, chairman State Department Special Committee on Submarine Cables 1918, chairman National Research Council 1923-1928, executive committee member World Power Conference 1936, director Guaranty Trust Company, Panhandle Eastern Pipeline Company and Radio Corporation of America and National Broadcasting Company, member U.S. Patent Office advisory committee, trustee Greenwich Savings Bank, trustee of Barnard College, consultant National Defense Committee, president of the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science, vice-president of the Pan American Society of the U.S.

Du Pont, Lammot (Copeland)

1905-1983

Harvard, worked in the laboratory of the Fabrics and Finishings Department at DuPont’s Fairfield. In 1942 he replaced his father, Charles Copeland, on DuPont’s Board of Directors and was appointed to the Board’s Finance Committee. He served on the Development Department’s postwar planning board during World War II and became secretary in 1947. Copeland was named vice president and chair of the Finance Committee in 1954 and was appointed to the Executive Committee in 1959. Copeland served as DuPont’s 11th president from 1962 to 1967. Copeland retired as president in 1967. He remained as chairman of the Board of Directors until 1971 and continued to sit on the board until 1982. Du Pont was also a director of Wilmington Trust Company, a director of Christiana Securities, father in law to James Biddle, who married his daughter Louisa. James Biddle is a direct descendant of Nicholas Biddle, head of the British affiliated (Rothschild-Windsor) second Bank of the United States. The du Pont family was the largest funder of The American Liberty League, the main institute behind the 1934 fascist plot against FDR. Lammot, for example, donated at least 15.000 dollar to The American Liberty League and another 5.000 dollar to similar organisations.